List of the Lord Chancellors of Ireland

The Lord Chancellor of Ireland ( English Lord Chancellor of Ireland , Irish Tiarna Seansailéara na hÉireann ) denotes the holder of the highest judicial office in the English-ruled Ireland since parts of Eastern Ireland were conquered by England during the reign of Henry II until Ireland became independent on December 6th 1921 when the duties of office were transferred to the Governor of Northern Ireland . The office was officially dissolved in March 1922. When the office of governor was dissolved in 1973, the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland finally took over the duties of Lord Chancellor. From 1721 to 1801 the Lord Chancellor was also the highest political office in the Irish Parliament .

Official history

Origins of the Office

In the last days of the Roman Empire , the emperor's clerk ( notary ) was called the chancellor . His duties included preventing laws (English to cancel ) that were in conflict with other laws of the empire. After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, rulers in Europe occupied positions with similar functions.

Lord Chancellor of Ireland

After the Anglo-Norman conquest of the eastern coast of Ireland by England during the campaigns of Henry II of England, he implemented the judiciary in Ireland based on the English model. For this purpose, analogous to the Lord Chancellor of England and Wales and the Lord Chancellor of Scotland , a Lord Chancellor was also appointed for Ireland in 1186.

While the office of Lord Chancellor of Scotland and England was amalgamated by the Act of Union 1707 , this was omitted when the United Kingdom and Ireland were merged in the Act of Union 1800 . So the office remained until it was dissolved in 1921 with the independence of Ireland.

List of the Lord Chancellors of Ireland

The basis of the following list is OJ Burke's list from 1186 to 1874. This list was supplemented by further sources and documents and provided with comments. The aim was as complete a list as possible of people who are named as Lord Chancellors of Ireland, even if these people, as for example with John Worchley or Fromund le Brunn, cannot be clearly identified. In such cases this will be noted in a comment.

No	from	to	Lord Chancellor	Remarks
1	1186		Stephen de Ridell or Ridel	Even though Burke and other sources name Ridell, Worchley and Brunn, there is no evidence of their chancellorship, according to Ball. While Ridell can still be identified as a person in Prince John's wake, the other two cannot even be historically proven. Despite the previous statement, it is Worchley, not Ridell, that tops Smythe's list.
2	1219		John de Worchley (John de Worcheley)
3	1230		Fromund le Brunn
4th	1232		Ralph de Neville	Bishop of Chichester ; Burke names Ralph de Neville in fourth place. Neville is named in Ball's remarks as the Lord Chancellor of England , whose deputy Geoffrey de Turville acts as Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1232. Burke did not lead Turville until 1237 as the fifth incumbent.
1232		Geoffrey de Turville (Geffrey Tubville)	Archdeacon of Dublin;
5	1236		Alan of the Holy Faith (Alan de Sancta Fide) (Alan de Sanctafide)	In 1235 the name Alan de Sancta Fide is given. In contemporary documents one searches in vain for the name.
6th	1236		Robert de Luttrell
7th	1237		Geoffrey de Turville
8th	1237		Ralph	Bishop of Norwich ; Haydn gives 1249 as the year of appointment, which would change the order with William Wilward (Welward).
9	1245		William Wilward (Welward)
-	1249		Ralph	Neither Burke nor Haydn mention a second term.
10	1259		Fromund le Brunn
11	1283		Walter de Fulburn
12	1285		William de Beauclerc (William de Buerlaco)
13	1292		Thomas Cantoc	then Bishop of Emly (1306-1309);
14th	1293		Walter de Thornbury (Walter de Thornburg)
15th	1294		Adam de Woddington
-	1295		Thomas Cantoc	Burke and Haydn do not mention this term of office.
16	1307		Richard Bereford
17th	1317		William Fitz John	Archbishop of Cashel ;
18th	1321		Roger Utlagh (Roger Outlawe)	Prior of Kilmainham
19th	1325		Alexander de Bicknor (Bykenor)	Archbishop of Dublin
20th	1330		Adam de Limberg
21st	1331		William	Prior of Kilmainham; In the following years, Haydn alternates between Adam de Limberg and Roger Utlagh.
22nd	1337		Thomas Charlton	Bishop of Hereford ;
23	1338		Robert de Henningsberg
24	1340		Robert de Askeby	Prior of St. John of Jerusalem
25th	1341		John L'Archer (1343)	Prior of Kilmainham; Haydn gives a Roger Darcy in 1342 and a John de Battail in 1343, neither of which can be found in other lists.
26th	1346		John Morice
27	1350		John de St. Paul	Archbishop of Dublin
28	1356		Richard d'Askeaton	Haydn names 1354 as the year of his appointment.
29	1357		John de Frowick	Prior of Kilmainham; After Haydn John and Smyth 'de Frowyk', where he called John de St. Paul again before Frowyk in 1355.
30th	1357		Thomas de Burley	Prior of Kilmainham; Here Haydn names the monk John de Mora and then again Thomas Burley.
31	1363		Robert de Askeaton (Richard de Assheton)	Prior of Newtown; In addition, in 1366 Haydn mentions Thomas Scurlock, Abbot of St. Thomas's in Dublin.
32	1368		Thomas le Revi (Thomas le Reve)	Bishop of Waterford . Haydn again names Thomas Burley, who follows Reve before the next person on Burke's list is named.
33	1371		John de Rotheby (John de Bothby) (John de Botheby)
34	1372		William Taney (Tany)	Prior of Kilmainham; In Haydn's list, Taney is followed by several people before the next person on Burke's list is named. This is Bothby (Rothby) again in 1374, then Tany again.
-	1375		John Keppock
35	1377		Robert de Wickford (Wikeford / Wickford)	Archbishop of Dublin
36	1377		Alexander Balscot (Balscott)	Bishop of Ossory ; Haydn names Balscot on the same line as Wikeford, presumably because both were appointed in the same year.
37	1379		John Colton	Archbishop of Armagh ;
-	1381		Ralph Chene (or Cheney)	Chene is not mentioned in other lists. The numbering based on Burke's list was therefore not mentioned.
-	1385		Robert de Wickford and Robert Sutton
-	1386		Alexander Balscott (again)
38	1387		Richard White	Prior of Kilmainham
39	1391		Robert Preston	Preston was appointed in 1388, according to Haydn. Roger Outlawe and Thomas Charlton followed again in 1389, as did Alexsander Balscot. Only then does Haydn name Preston 1391 as the permanent incumbent, as in the Burkeschen list.
40	1391		Robert Waldby (Waldby / 1392)	Archbishop of York
41	1393		Richard Northalis	Bishop of Ossory
-	1394		Alexander Balscot (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
-	1395		Robert de Wickford (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
42	1397		Robert Baybroke	Bishop of London ; This appointment also looks more turbulent for Haydn. He mentions another term of office for Alexander Balscot before Baybroke. Then, on the same line for 1397, Haydn again mentions Robert Sutton and Thomas Cranley.
43	1398		Thomas Cranly	Archbishop of Dublin ; Cranly's name is used by James Joyce in his novel Ulysses , where the combination of cleric and statesman symbolizes an English-Irish fraud.
-	1400		Alexander Balscot (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
-	1401		Thomas Cranley (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
-	1397		Thomas de Everdon (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
-	1397		Richard's speech with John Bermingham	Additions according to Haydn's list. Later that year, Haydn again names Robert Sutton.
-	1397		Laurence Merbury (or Marbury)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
44	1410		Patrick Barret	Bishop of Ferns
45	1413		Laurence Merbury	Before Merbury, Haydn again leads Robert Sutton and Thomas Cranley in 1412.
46	1416		William Fitz Thomas (Fitzthomas)	Prior of Kilmainham; Haydn's list again mentions Thomas Cranley and Patrick Barret as his immediate predecessors from 1415, who are not mentioned in Burke's list. From 1419 onwards, Haydn called Laurence Merbury again, before Fitzthomas was mentioned again in 1421. Eventually, Merbury appears to have taken office again before the Sedgrave lists find a common point.
47	1423		Richard Sedgrave
48	1423		William Tinbreagh	Tinbreagh is not mentioned in Haydn's list.
49	1423		Richard Talbot	Archbishop of Dublin
50	1426		Robert FitzEustace	Haydn names a new term of office for Fitzthomas before Fitz-Eustace is named. In this line Haydn also mentions new terms of office for Richard Talbot and Robert Sutton.
51	1438		Thomas Chace (Chase)	Haydn calls Chase from 1434
-	1435		Thomas Strange	Additions according to Haydn's list.
-	1436		Richard Fitz-Eustace (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list. In the same line, Haydn also mentions Robert Dyke or Dyce or Dyche from Dublin.
-	1441		Thomas Strange (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list.
52	1446		Richard Wogan (1444)
-	1445		William Cheevers	Additions according to Haydn's list.
53	1446		John Talbot	Here Haydn names Robert Dyke again.
54	1449		Thomas FitzGerald	Abbot; In the same year Haydn complements Thomas Talbot.
55	1451		Edmund Ouldhall	Bishop of Meath ; Ouldhall is not mentioned by Haydn.
56	1453		Edward Fitz Eustace
-	1454		William Wells	Additions according to Haydn's list.
57	1459		Edmund
58	1460		John Dynham	Dynham is named by Haydn as the immediate successor of Edmund, but is not listed on a line of its own.
59	1461		William Welles	It is not clear whether Welles is named here too late or whether this is a different term in office. Haydn tops the list with a new term for Robert Preston.
60	1462		John Tiptoft	With Haydn John, Earl of Worcester .
61	1463		Thomas FitzGerald (1464)
62	1468		Robert Allameston (Robert Allaunston)
63	1468		William Dubley (Dudley)
-	1472		Robert Portlester together with John Taxton	Additions according to Haydn's list.
64/65	1472		Robert FitzEustace together with John Taxton	FitzEustace is not mentioned by Haydn.
66	1474		George de Venbam (Gilbert de Venham)	Haydn supplements Richard FitzEustace here, thus deviating from the Robert FitzEustace mentioned by Burke.
67	1480		William Sherwood	Bishop of Meath ;
68	1481		Laurence de St. Lawrence	Haydn mentions a second term for William Sherwood.
-	1482		Walter Champflower	Abbot of St. Marys; Additions according to Haydn's list.
69	1483		Robert St. Lawrence
70	1483		Thomas FitzGerald	Haydn names FitzGerald together with Robert St. Lawrence.
-	1486		Roland of Portlester	Additions according to Haydn's list.
71	1492		Alexander Plunket
72	1494		Henry Deane	Archbishop of Canterbury ;
73	1496		Walter Fitzsimmons	Archbishop of Dublin
74	1498		William Rokeby	Archbishop of Dublin
-	14th		Walter Fitzsimons	Additions according to Haydn's list.
75	1509	1513	Nicholas St. Lawrence	Haydn also mentions a new term of office for Fitzsimons.
76	1513		William Compton
-	1515		William Rokeby	Additions according to Haydn's list.
77	1527		Hugh Inge	Archbishop of Dublin
78	1528		John Allen	Archbishop of Dublin
79	1532		George Cromer	Archbishop of Armagh ;
80	1534	1538	John Barnewall
81	1538		John Allen
82	1547		Richard Reade (Read)	Haydn first mentions Thomas Cusack in 1546 and then Read, who is then included in Haydn's list from 1547.
-	1548		John Allen	Additions according to Haydn's list.
83	1550		Thomas Cusack	Haydn notes with Cusack that he only ran official business in the absence of everyone.
-	1555		William Fitzwilliam	Additions according to Haydn's list.
84	1555		Hugh Curwen	Archbishop of Dublin ; Haydn names Curwen after Fitzwilliam.
85	1567		Robert Weston
-	1573		Adam Loftus	Additions according to Haydn's list. Loftus does not appear in Burke until 1581.
86	1576		William Gerrard
-	1577		Adam Loftus	Additions according to Haydn's list. From 1577 Adam Loftus takes over the official business in Gerrard's absence. This may mean a different Adam Loftus than the one mentioned in 1573. From 1578, Haydn led Loftus as the full-time dignitary.
87	1581		Adam Loftus	Protestant Archbishop of Dublin ; Haydn names 1578 as the year of his appointment.
88	1605	1619	Thomas Jones	Protestant Archbishop of Dublin and brother-in-law of Adam Loftus.
89	1619		Adam Loftus (Lord Ely)	Loftus does not appear on Haydn's list again until 1625. Haydn leads Winston Jones, William Mcthwold and Fiber Aungior before calling Loftus again in 1619.
-	1638		Robert Dillon	Additions according to Haydn's list. Haydn also mentions Christopher Wandesford and Philipp Mainwaring here.
90	1638		Richard Bolton (Richard Bullon)
91	1656		William Steele
92	1660		Maurice Eustace
-	1665		Richard Pepys	Additions according to Haydn's list.
93	1665		Michael Boyle	Protestant Archbishop of Armagh ;
94	1686		Charles Porter
95	1686		Alexander Fitton
-	1690		Richard Pyne	Additions according to Haydn's list.
-	1697		John Jeffreyson , Thomas Coote, and Nehemiah Donellan; provisional	Additions according to Haydn's list.
96	1696		John Methuen
97	1703		Richar Cox
98	1707		Richard Freeman
-	16		Robert, Earl of Kildare and Thomas Keightley, acting	Additions according to Haydn's list.
99	1710		Constantine Henry Phipps
100	1714		Alan Brodrick
101	1725		Richard West
102	1726		Thomas Wyndham
103	1739		Robert Jocelyn
104	1756		John Bowes
105	1767		James Hewitt
106	1789	1802	John FitzGibbon	Haydn first leads the acting incumbents Robert Fowler, Hugh Carleton and Samuel Bradstreet.
107	1802		John Freeman-Mitford
108	1806		George Ponsonby
109	1807		Thomas Manners-Sutton
110	1827		Anthony Hart
111	1830		William Conyngham
112	1835		Edward Sugden (Edward Brutenshaw Sudgen)
113	1841		John Campbell
114	1846		Maziere Brady
115	1852		Francis Blackburne
-	1853		Maziere Brady (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list. Burke makes no mention of this term.
116	1857	1859	Joseph Napier
-	1859		Maziere Brady (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list. Burke does not mention this term either.
-	1866		Francis Blackburne (again)	Additions according to Haydn's list. Burke makes no mention of this term.
117	1867		Abraham Brewster
118	1868		Thomas O'Hagan
-			Joseph Napier , Justice Lawson and William Brooke, acting
119	1874		John Thomas Ball
-	1880	1881	Thomas O'Hagan
-	1881	1883	Hugh Lawe
-	1883	1885	Edward Sullivan
-	1885		John Naish
-	1885	1886	Edward Gibson
-	1886		John Naish
-	1886	1892	Edward Gibson
-	1892	1895	Samuel Walker
-	1895	1905	Edward Gibson
-	1905	1911	Samuel Walker
-	1911	1913	Redmond John Barry
-	1913	1918	Ignatius O'Brien
-	1918	1921	James Campbell	In 1921 Campbell was ennobled.
-	1921	1922	John Ross	Ross was the last incumbent of the traditional office.

Individual evidence

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[UKParl01-1] Scotland referendum 2014: the impact of independence on the UK Parliament ; UK Parliament analysis of the potential consequences of Scotland leaving the UK, 2014; Retrieved August 26, 2016.

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[Haydn-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du ^dv ^dw ^dx ^dy ^dz ^ea ^eb ^ec ^ed ^ee ^ef ^eg ^eh ^ei ^ej ^ek ^el ^em ^en ^eo ^ep ^eq ^er ^es ^et ^eu ^ev ^ew ^ex ^ey ^ez ^fa ^fb ^fc ^fd ^fe ^ff ^fg ^fh ^fi ^fj ^fk ^fl ^fm ^fn ^fo ^fp ^fq ^fr ^fs ^ft ^fu ^fv ^fw ^fx ^fy ^fz ^ga Joseph Timothy Haydn: The book of dignities; containing lists of the official personages of the British Empire… together with the sovereigns and rulers of the World… The orders of knighthood of the United Kingdom and India… Founded on Beatson's Political index (1806); re-modeled and brought down to 1851 . accessed on August 15, 2016.

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