Johann Jakob Hauer
Johann Jakob Hauer (born March 10, 1751 in Gau-Algesheim / Rheinhessen , † June 3, 1829 in Blois , Loir-et-Cher department ), also Jean-Jacques Hauer , was a painter during the French Revolution , the Napoleonic Domination and restoration .
Life
Hauer, the son of master tailor Georg Philipp Hauer from Bleidenstadt / Taunus and Susanne, born Specht from Gau-Algesheim, was baptized on March 11, 1751 in the parish church of St. Cosmas and St. Damian in Gau-Algesheim. After Johann Jakob the couple had three more children, Johann Philipp (1753), Jakob Wilhelm (1756) and Maria Anna (1759), who died after only six months. Around 1760 Georg and Susanne Hauer moved away with their three sons from Gau-Algesheim.
Johann Jakob Hauer's teacher in Gau-Algesheim was the school principal Johann Bernhard Vogel. Hauer went through his first years of apprenticeship with the Palatinate court painter Johann Philipp Hoffmeister in Mannheim . In May 1769, Hauer was registered under the serial number 23 in the royal academy of artists in Paris . He named his uncle, the engraver and copperplate engraver Johann Jakob Hauer, who lived in Paris, as guarantor. At the academy, Hauer became a student of Jacques-Louis David (1748–1825).
In the summer of 1789, Jean Jacques Hauer served as commander in the 2nd battalion of the Garde Nationale . In 1792, as captain of the National Guard, he became commandant of the battalion of the Section des Cordeliers. The Club des Cordeliers , named after the Couvent des Cordeliers in the Rue de l'École-de-Médecine on the left bank of the Seine, was one of the radical clubs among the revolutionaries with Georges Danton and Jean Paul Marat . Hauer later represented the Théâtre-Français section as an official, which was formed after the city was redistributed into 48 sections. Marat was living in the same section across from the club when it was murdered on July 13, 1793 by the young Norman nobleman Charlotte Corday . The murderess was taken to the neighboring Conciergerie Prison , the "antechamber" to the guillotine . Since Hauer, as commandant, was responsible for public safety and order, he was able to visit the prominent prisoners and - as happened in the case of Charlotte Corday - also paint.
Jules Michelet describes the encounter between Charlotte Corday and Hauer in his story of the French Revolution: “During the negotiation, she noticed a painter who tried to capture her features and looked at her with keen interest. She had turned to him. After the verdict was announced, she had him called and gave him the last few moments before the execution. The painter, Hauer, was vice-commander of the Cordeliers battalion. Perhaps to this title he owed the privilege of being left with her without a witness other than a gendarme. She chatted quietly with him about irrelevant things, but also about the event of the day and the peace she felt within. She asked Hauer to make a small copy of the image to send to her family. "Although Hauer had the opportunity to paint celebrities or historical scenes such as the death of Marat or Supper of the royal family in prison be recorded in the image he could hardly make a profit from it. After all, he saved himself and his life through the revolution and counter-revolution, painted portraits and scenes from the lives of the higher classes, and in 1820 finally settled in Blois (Loir-et-Cher).
Johann Jakob Hauer was married to Marie Julie Depart. They had a daughter and a son Jules, who later became President of the Tribunal civil in Arcis-sur-Aube .
In 1986 a street in the southern part of Gau-Algesheim was named after Johann Jakob Hauer; at the beginning there has been a plaque commemorating the life and work of Hauer since 2012.
Works
- General Lafayette and his wife (oil painting, 1791)
- Dinner of the Royal Family at the Temple (pen drawing, 1791)
- Dinner of the Royal Family at the Temple (pen drawing, 1792)
- Death of Marat (oil painting, 1793)
- Charlotte Corday (oil painting and pen drawing, 1793)
- Farewell to Louis XVI. from his family (oil painting, 1793)
- Louis XVI and the Abbé Edgeworth de Firmont (oil painting, 1794)
- Execution of King Louis XVI. (Oil painting, 1795)
- The heir to the throne is separated from his mother (oil painting, 1795)
- Passage de la duchesse Marie Thérèse Charlotte d'Angoulême à Blois (oil painting, 1823)
- Portrait of the Prefect Corbigny (oil painting, 1829)
- Lost oil paintings: Une Forge National (1795), Une Ferme (1795), Le bon et le mauvais exemple (1796), Un veillard recervant le secours d'une famille charitable (1796), Un homme ivre et deux jeunes débauchés (1796)
literature
- Erich Hinkel: The painter Hauer and the angel of death, home on the Middle Rhine. Monthly sheets of the Allgemeine Zeitung edition Bingen and Ingelheim, 3/1979
- Erich Hinkel: The painter Johann Jakob Hauer / Le Peintre Jean Jacques Hauer (German / French), contributions to the history of the Gau-Algesheim area, Carl-Brilmayer-Gesellschaft Gau-Algesheim, volume 20, 1987
- Erich Hinkel: Johann Jakob Hauer (1751-1829). A painter of the revolution and restoration , in: Gau-Algesheim. Historisches Lesebuch, 1999, pp. 149–151.
- Norbert Diehl: 175th anniversary of the death of Johann Jacob Jean Jacques Hauer , sheets on culture and homeland maintenance, supplement to the official gazette of the Gau-Algesheim community, 14, 2004, No. 2
- Erich Hinkel: Johann Jakob Hauer. Painter of the Revolution , Bruchsal 2007
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michelet, Jules, L'Histoire de la Révolution française, 7 volumes, 1847-1853, History of the French Revolution, 5 volumes, ed. v. Jochen Köhler, Eichborn-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1988, Volume IV, p. 234 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hauer, Johann Jakob |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hauer, Jean-Jacques |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 10, 1751 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Gau-Algesheim , Rheinhessen |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 3, 1829 |
| Place of death | Blois , Loir-et-Cher department |