Johannes Adler

Johannes Adler (* around 1474 in Münster , † January 1518 in Tübingen ) , maiden name: Gentner , Latinized forms of name: Aquila , Halietus , Doleatoris , was a professor and two-time rector of the University of Tübingen .

Life

Johannes Adler came from Münster near Gaildorf , not far from what was then the imperial city of Schwäbisch Hall . His birth name Gent (h) ner had been forgotten for several centuries, as he had changed the form of his name several times in the first decades of his life. He began his studies in the winter semester of 1487/1488 at the artist faculty in Heidelberg . In the register of the university he can be found under his original name Genthner . After receiving his doctorate in January 1489 as a bachelor's degree in artists, he moved to the University of Tübingen under the name Doleatoris in January 1490 and received his master's degree there in February 1490, not as in some places until April 1490. His new name is the translation of the job title Gentner, an old term for Kübler or Binder, into Latin.

When Adler was elected dean of the artist faculty in the winter semester of 1495/1496 and in the summer semester of 1496, he had already completed his law studies as a licentiate in both rights. His teaching activity in the artist faculty with the nominalists representing via moderna found its special expression in the print parva logicalia, which was only rediscovered around 2008 and published by Otmar before or around 1500 . This is teaching material for the bachelor's degree in the field of logic. It is the earliest published printed work by a Tübingen law professor, but from a time before he was employed at the law faculty.

When he was elected rector of the University of Tübingen for the winter semester 1497/1498 as a doctor in church and secular law ( utriusque iuris doctor ), he called himself Johannes Aquila de Hallis ( i.e. Johannes Adler von Schwäbisch Hall), in his second Term of office as university rector in the winter semester 1505/1506 Johannes Halietus . By converting the name form Halietus / Haliaeetos (sea eagle) into eagle or Latinized Aquila , he got these two names, which were later used exclusively. He received his citizenship in Schwäbisch Hall in 1508 through marriage. His wife Dorothea, presumably a daughter from the Schwäbisch Haller Tucher family Eberhard , appears in Schwäbisch Hall archives only as Dr. Hans Adlerin .

Already a few years before his appointment as professor for secular (Roman) law from September 1, 1510, possibly since the beginning of the 16th century, Johannes Adler / Gentner had switched from the faculty of artists to the law faculty in Tübingen as a paid professor. He held this teaching post until his death, which is dated shortly before February 1, 1518.

In addition to his book of forms and titles, which appeared in the last decade of his life, as well as a treatise on the legal admissibility of all types of games printed in 1516, Adler's main work on power, printed in the same year (1516) by Köbel in Oppenheim under the Latinized name form Joannis Aquile , is of particular importance and Use of Money ( Opusculum de potestate et utilitate monetarum ), a general presentation of monetary theory from a legal, practical and present-day perspective.

After Adler's death, his widow moved back to Schwäbisch Hall with the children Hans Christophel, Johanna Paula and Clara, where she has been on the city's tax lists since 1519.

literature

• Georg Lenckner: Two contributions to family history , part 1: Dr. Johann Adler, Professor of Jurisprudence in Tübingen , in: Württembergisch Franconia, New Series, Volume 26/27. Schwäbisch Hall 1951/1952, p. 315f.
• Hans König: Johannes Gentner, called Adler , in: Derselbe, Menschen aus dem Limpurger Land - Forgotten? Famous? Immortal? Life pictures from five centuries , Volume 2 (publications on local history and local history in Württembergisch Franconia, Volume 23). Geiger, Horb am Neckar 2004, ISBN 3-89570-957-3 , p. 10f.
• Sönke Lorenz: Logic in the Tübingen curriculum . In: Tübingen in teaching and research around 1500. On the history of the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen , ed. by Sönke Lorenz, Dieter R. Bauer and Oliver Auge (Tübingen Building Blocks for Regional History, Volume 9). Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2008, ISBN 978-3-7995-5509-8 , pp. 177–206, here pp. 197f.
• Karl Konrad Finke: Johannes Gentner alias Adler, Halietus, Aquila, Doleatoris (around 1474 to 1518) , in: The Professors of the Tübingen Faculty of Law (1477-1535) , arr. by Karl Konrad Finke (Tübingen professor catalog, volume 1,2). Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2011, ISBN 978-3-7995-5452-7 , pp. 126-134.
• Stefan Kötz: Monetary theory at the University of Tübingen around 1500: The treatises “De potestate et utilitate monetarum” by Gabriel Biel (after 1488/89) and by Johannes Adler called Aquila (1516). In: The University of Tübingen between scholasticism and humanism. Edited by Sönke Lorenz, Ulrich Köpf , Joseph S. Freedman and Dieter R. Bauer (Tübingen building blocks for regional history, Volume 20). Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2012, ISBN 978-3-7995-5520-3 , pp. 117–160, especially pp. 124–135, 143–156.