Johari window

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The Johari window
(presentation and designation of the fields differ depending on the literature)
Explanatory film about the Johari window

The Johari window is a window of conscious and unconscious personality and behavioral characteristics between one self and another or a group. It was developed in 1955 by the American social psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham . The first names of these two were used for the naming. The so-called “blind spot” in a person's self-image is illustrated with the help of the Johari window .

It has played an important role in group dynamic work since the 1960s and 70s to demonstrate the differences between perception of self and the perception of others and is part of the standard repertoire of group dynamic models and procedures. It systematically belongs to differential and personality psychology , to defense mechanisms , to social psychology and to group dynamics .

Johari adjectives

When conducting the experiment, participants are given a list of the following 56 adjectives from which they must choose five or six that they think describe their personality. The other group members are then given the same list and each of them has to choose five or six adjectives that describe their colleagues. These adjectives are then placed together in the fields of the Johari window.

  • accepting
  • silly
  • tense
  • adaptable
  • attentive
  • modest
  • certainly
  • energetic
  • relaxed
  • extroverted
  • able to
  • friendly
  • caring
  • patiently
  • cleverly
  • ingenious
  • happy
  • generous
  • bright
  • helpful
  • idealistic
  • intelligent
  • introverted
  • competently
  • complex
  • bold
  • loving
  • logical
  • powerful
  • compassionate
  • thoughtful
  • nervous
  • kind
  • organized
  • responsive
  • ripe
  • religious
  • calm
  • shy
  • smart
  • confident
  • self confident
  • sentimental
  • spontaneous
  • quiet
  • proud
  • seeking
  • brave
  • independently
  • reliable
  • reasonable
  • trustworthy
  • warm hearted
  • wise
  • funny
  • dignified

The four fields of the Johari window

public
secret / unknown
Iceberg.svg

1. Public : Everything that a person reveals about himself is public, that is, what is known to himself and to others, in other words: the parts of the personality that are made visible to the outside world and perceived by others. These include

  • external characteristics, such as appearance, manners or physical reactions,
as well as - insofar as these are visible from the outside -
  • personal characteristics such as ambition or fearfulness, and
  • inner attitudes and attitudes such as religiosity, morals and ethical values.

This part of the “window” is usually rather small compared to the other parts. Because it is above all the non-public areas, in other words: the non-conscious factors that determine relationships between people.

2. Secret : Everything that the person concerned knows and knows is secret - that is, what he is aware of but either unknowingly does not make accessible to others or consciously hides from them.

3. Blind spot : The “blind spot” means everything that is sent by the person concerned and perceived by the recipient without the person concerned being aware of it. Others recognize behaviors and characteristics that the person concerned does not perceive in himself. Through feedback from fellow human beings, information can be transported from the blind spot to the "public" quadrant.

4. Unknown : Everything is unknown that is not known to the person concerned or to others. It is undeveloped terrain, which is complementary to the perceived, real facts and as a continuum of everything possible, but unknown.

Since the by far greater part of the "iceberg" personality is unknown, i.e. unconscious, it explains that this quadrant takes up a considerable part of the entire window. Many factors that make up a relationship between two people are also located in this area of ​​the window.

The actual size of each quadrant of the Johari window varies from case to case and depends on the individual personal relationship. Because on the one hand every person acts differently with certain other people and on the other hand every person has knowledge of their own personality to a different extent.

Development goals

Joseph Luft describes the goal of learning in group dynamics as making the common room for maneuver more transparent and wider. In the Johari window, the top left field gets bigger and bigger, the other three get smaller.

  • Disclose oneself - Communicating and sharing personal secrets with others reduces the effort that had to be made to maintain secrecy and increases freedom and scope for action in public.
  • Communicating observations - By communicating observations about blind spots directly to the person concerned ( feedback ), they gain knowledge about themselves and can thus more consciously perceive and fill their private and public room for maneuver.

Both paths complement each other and also help to make the unconscious conscious and thus manageable.

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joseph Luft, Harry Ingham: The Johari window, a graphic model of interpersonal awareness . In: Proceedings of the western training laboratory in group development , Los Angeles: UCLA, 1955.
  2. ↑ Interactive Johari Window , Lebengunst.de, accessed on September 2, 2019
  3. ^ Joseph Luft: Of Human Interaction , National Press, Palo Alto, CA, 1969, p. 177
  4. ↑ Philippa Perry: Couch Fiction: How Psychotherapy Works , Kunstmann 2010, p. 123f.