John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby ( April 7, 1648 , † February 24, 1721 in Buckingham House, London ), was a British statesman and poet .
Life
John Sheffield was a son of Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave and his wife Elizabeth Cranfield. In 1658 he followed his father as Earl of Mulgrave .
Sheffield served in both the Navy and the Army. He was Lord Chamberlain of Jacob II and a member of the cabinet under Wilhelm III. , who also raised him to Marquess of Normanby in 1694 . Queen Anne made him Duke of Buckingham and Normanby and holder of political offices in 1703 . Here he was in opposition to Marlborough and Godolphin . With the death of Queen Anne, however, he lost all power and henceforth fought for the restoration of the Stuarts.
He is considered a patron of John Dryden and a friend of Alexander Pope ; authored tragedies, essays and other works.
In 1703 he had Buckingham House , later Buckingham Palace , built in London as his family residence.
progeny
Sheffield has been married three times. His first wife was Ursula Stawell († 1697) since 1685/6. In his second marriage he married Catherine († 1703/4), daughter of Fulke Greville, 5th Baron Brooke . His third marriage was in 1706 with Lady Catherine Darnley, a daughter of King James II and his mistress Catherine Sedley , with whom he had the following children:
- John Sheffield, Marquess of Normanby (1710-1710)
- Robert Sheffield, Marquess of Normanby (1711-1715)
- Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Normanby (1716–1735)
literature
- Buckingham and Normanby, John Sheffield, 1st Duke of . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 4 : Bishārīn - Calgary . London 1910, p. 727 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
Web links
- Literature by and about John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in the catalog of the German National Library
- John Sheffield, 1st Duke of the County of Buckingham and of Normanby on thepeerage.com , accessed September 10, 2016.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| New title created |
Duke of Buckingham and Normanby 1703-1721 |
Edmund Sheffield |
| New title created |
Marquess of Normanby 1694-1721 |
Edmund Sheffield |
| Edmund Sheffield |
Earl of Mulgrave 1658-1721 |
Edmund Sheffield |
| James Scott | Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull 1679–1682 |
Thomas Hickman-Windsor |
| Robert Bruce |
Lord Chamberlain of the Household 1685-1689 |
Charles Sackville |
| Ford Gray |
Lord Seal Keeper 1702–1705 |
John Holles |
| William Cavendish |
Lord Steward of the Household 1710-1711 |
John Poulett |
| Laurence Hyde |
Lord President of the Council 1711-1714 |
Daniel Finch |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sheffield, John, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Buckingham and Normanby, John Sheffield 1st Duke of |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English statesman and poet |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 7, 1648 |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 24, 1721 |
| Place of death | London |