José Peirats Valls
José Peirats Valls (born March 15, 1908 in La Vall d'Uixó , † August 20, 1989 in Burriana ) was a Spanish anarchist , fighter in the Spanish civil war , activist, journalist and historian.
biography
Peirats was born in the province of Castellón . His family moved with him to Barcelona, where they hoped for a better life. He started to work at the age of eight and only attended school occasionally until he was motivated to study at a Ferrer school. At the age of 14 he began an apprenticeship in a brick factory and at the same time joined the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT). From 1924 he regularly attended evening school. In 1932 he co-founded the libertarian youth Federación Ibérica de Juventudes Libertarias (FIJL) in Catalonia. Peirats was very interested in educational work in libraries and cultural associations ( ateneos ), as he saw them as important for creating an anarchist consciousness. In 1959 he supported the establishment of the Ateneo Español in Toulouse.
In 1933 Peirats was secretary of the Barcelona branch of the Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI), the umbrella organization of anarchist organizations in Spain. From 1934 to 1936 he was editor of the magazine Solidaridad Obrera ('Workers Solidarity '). He has also written for Tierra y Libertad , La Revista Blanca , Acratia and Ética . As a CNT member, he organized strikes, worked on committees and wrote political texts.
In the days of July 1936, at the beginning of the civil war, Peirats and other anarchists confiscated weapons in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat after it was decided to occupy central Barcelona. He then briefly represented the FAI in the city's revolutionary committee and socialized the distribution of food. He then switched to the Libertarian Youth magazine Ruta . Towards the end of 1937 Peirats fought voluntarily on the front in Aragon in the Durutti column and went into exile after Franco's victory and the fall of the Spanish republic .
From 1939 to 1947 he toured the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela and worked in these countries as a farmer, seafarer, ice cream seller and photographer. In 1947 he took part in the Congress of the Spanish Libertarian Movement as a Venezuelan delegate and was elected Secretary General of the Libertarian Movement in Exile ( Movimento Libertario Español, MLE ), whereupon he settled in France. In the same year he took part in a secret meeting of the movement in Madrid, which in Spain could only operate underground.
From 1953 to 1959 he was editor of the weekly newspaper CNT . As a historian, Peirats published the three-volume study La CNT en la revolución española on the libertarian movement during the Spanish Civil War, which was first published in English in 2005/06.
In the 1960s he moved away from the organization.
He wrote regularly for the Frente Libertario , which Fernando Gómez Peláez published from 1970 to 1977.
With his companion Gracia Ventura he lived in the Villa Canaima in Montady near Béziers since 1971 . In 1983 they moved to La Vall d'Uixo together .
Works (selection)
His letters, notes, historical documents and academic papers have been with the International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam since 2001 .
- La CNT en la revolución española (Three volumes, 1951–1953)
- Breve Storia del Sindicalism Spagnolo (1962)
- Anarchists in the Spanish Revolution . London: Freedom Press, 1990.
- The CNT in the Spanish Revolution . ChristieBooks, Volumes 1, 2 and 3. Hastings, 2005 and 2006.
The book Vivir la anarquía, vivir la utopía: José Peirats y la historia del anarcosindicalismo español by Chris Ealham , ISBN 978-84-9104-221-1 , Alianza Ensayo , was published about José Peiras in 2015 .
Web links
- Holdings of the International Institute of Social History on José Peirats Valls from 2014, Text: Tiny de Boer, 2002
- Current page of the holdings of the International Institute of Social History on José Peirats Valls , Text: Kees Rodenburg, March 1, 2002
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peirats, José @ SNAC. Retrieved January 3, 2019 .
- ↑ Jose Peirats Valls Papers. October 24, 2014, accessed January 3, 2019 .
- ↑ José Peirats Valls | IISH. Retrieved January 3, 2019 .
- ↑ 1936-1967: A history of Spanish anarchist youth paper 'Ruta'. Accessed January 2, 2019 .
- ↑ Ealham, Chris., Sharkey, Paul .: The CNT in the Spanish Revolution. Volume 1 . PM, Oakland, Calif. 2011, ISBN 978-1-60486-599-8 , pp. xvi .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Peirats Valls, José |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Spanish anarchist, fighter in the Spanish Civil War, activist, journalist and historian |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 15, 1908 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | La Vall d'Uixó |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 20, 1989 |
| Place of death | Burriana |