Josef Steiner (politician, 1862)

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Josef Steiner

Josef Steiner (born November 14, 1862 in Prague ; † December 27, 1912 there ) was a Czech social democratic politician, journalist and trade unionist.

Life

Steiner learned glass cutting in Prague and came to northern Bohemia as an apprentice, where he learned German and, above all, came into contact with anarchist and socialist ideas and got to know the problems of national minorities. Here he took part in the formation of the workers' organizations for the first time.

In 1884 he was called up for military service. After his return he became involved in the labor movement in Prague, he worked in the Politický klub českého dělnictva (Political Club of the Czech Workers), the first center of the workforce, of which he became chairman in 1890 and as such prepared the celebrations for May 1st, 1890. He edited social democratic magazines such as Osmihodinná doba pracovní (eight-hour working hours) and Sociální democ (social democrat), the central organ of Czech social democracy. During a transfer to Pilsen in 1891, he made a living as an organizer of the social democratic labor movement in this region. After his return to Prague in 1894, Steiner took over the editing of the Právo and Právo lidu periodicals . With the participation of the later President TG Masaryk , Steiner founded the Dělnická academy (Workers ' Academy ) on September 27, 1896 , the first educational institution of the Czech social democratic workers' movement, and was elected its first chairman. On March 12, 1897, Steiner was elected as a member of the Reichsrat in Vienna and took part in party conventions of both the Czech and Austrian Social Democrats. He got to know the problems of the Czech minority in Vienna and from 1899–1905 headed the editorial team of the Viennese daily Dělnické listy , which was considered the best Czech-language newspaper of the time.

Steiner returned to Prague in 1905 and became increasingly involved in the trade union movement. He drove the emergence of the social democratic Odborové sdružení českoslovanské OSČ (Czecho-Slavic Trade Union Association), whose secretary he was. OSČ was the first and, for a long time, the largest trade union organization in Bohemia. After many struggles, Steiner also achieved the de facto independence of the OSČ from the Austrian federation and thus preserved the representation of the Czech trade unions within the European trade union movement.

His health was negatively affected by the bloated agenda of his activity and the problems that came with it. Immediately after his appearance at the 5th trade union day of the OSČ in November 1910, he had to be transferred to a mental institution, where he died on December 27, 1912. His funeral was attended by around 40,000 people.

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Steiner was born in the then still independent municipality of Olšany , (see Josef Steiner / Josef Steiner ( Memento from June 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), curriculum vitae on the website of the Bohemian-Moravian Confederation of Trade Union Associations ČMKOS (Czech), and Steiner, Josef / J. Pokorný:  Steiner Josef. In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 13, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2007–2010, ISBN 978-3-7001-6963-5 , p. 173 .), which later became administratively part of the Prague 3 district; the place of birth Lovčice u Prahy (today: Lovčice u Nového Bydžova ), given in Josef Steiner a jeho doba , detailed curriculum vitae on the website of the social democratic party CSSD (Czech), is obviously wrong.
  2. ↑ According to other information, "Politický klub dělnický pro Prahu a okolí" (Political workers' club for Prague and the surrounding area)
personal data
SURNAME Steiner, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech social democratic politician, journalist and trade unionist
DATE OF BIRTH November 14, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague , Austrian Empire
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1912
Place of death Prague , Austria-Hungary