Josef Tvrdý
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Josef Tvrdý ( September 19, 1877 in Tuř u Jičína - March 13, 1942 in Mauthausen concentration camp ) was a Czechoslovak professor of philosophy and psychology .
Life
In 1896 he graduated from high school in Jičíně. He then studied Classical Philology , Philosophy and French at the Philosophical Faculty of Charles University . After finishing his studies in 1901 he became a teacher at a grammar school in Vyškově. During this time he became an active member of the Česká strana státoprávně pokroková (Czech progressive party) and he became a member of the Sokol (1906). In 1914 he switched to a grammar school in Brno , but did not begin teaching there until 1918 - due to the First World War , during which he was an officer in the health services. In 1920 he received his doctorate in philosophy, and two years later he received his habilitation . In 1927 he became associate professor at the Comenius University in Bratislava. In 1930 he was appointed full professor for systematic philosophy . In 1932/1933 he was dean. He also taught at the Masaryk University in Brno and was head of the State Pedagogical Academy from 1931 to 1939. In 1938 he received a professorship at Masaryk University and ended his teaching at Comenius University.
In December 1941 he was arrested by the Gestapo and imprisoned in the Kounicovy koleje, a building that was originally a student residence and since 1940 served as a Gestapo prison and execution site. He was deported to Mauthausen concentration camp , where he was given the number 1218. On his death certificate, May 13, 1942 was noted as the date of his death.
Josef Tvrdý was a member of the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences (Královská česká společnost nauk), the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts , the Czechoslovak National Council for Scientific Investigation (Československá národní rada badatelská), the learned society Šafaříkova, the Czechoslovak gymnastics movement Sokol Brno III and Philosophical covenant.
Honors
- Commemorative Medal of the Comenius University, 1933
- Czechoslovak War Cross 1939 , posthumously 1945
- On September 25, 1946 Ulice Rückertova was renamed Ulice Tvrdého
- Medal of the Second National Resistance, posthumously 1951
Commemoration
- In 1947 a plaque was inaugurated for the victims of the Second World War from among the teachers and students of the Faculty of Arts at Masaryk University. His name is remembered on this.
- In 1967 a memorial plaque was inaugurated on his former home in Ulice Tvrdého.
- On September 10, 2015, a memorial stone was laid in front of his former home in Brno at Tvrdého 8/564 with the following inscription (the translation on the right):
|
ZDE ŽIL |
HERE LIVED |
Publications (selection)
- Filosofie náboženství (Philosophy of Religion), 1921
- Vývoj filosofického myšlení evropského (The Development of European Thought), 1923
- Problém skutečnosti u Davida Huma a jeho význam v dějinách filosofie (The Real Problem with David Hume and Its Significance in the History of Philosophy), 1925
- Moderní proudy ve filosofii (Modern Movements in Philosophy), 1925
- Úvod do filosofie (Introduction to Philosophy), 1926
- Teorie pravdy (Theory of Truth), 1929
- Logika (logic), 1937
- Názory o hrdinství v životě společenském (Opinions on Heroism in Social Life), 1940
- Nová renaissance (New Renaissance), 1942
swell
- Josef Tvrdý , biography, In: Encyclopedia of the History of the City of Brno , (Czech)
- Josef Tvrdý , biography and bibliography on the website of the Philosophical Faculty of Masaryk University
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nikolaus Lobkowicz : Marxism-Leninism in the ČSR: The Czechoslovakian Philosophy Since 1945, Reidel, Dordrecht 1961, ISBN 90-277-0058-3 , p. 215
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tvrdý, Josef |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Czechoslovak philosopher and university professor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 19, 1877 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tuř u Jičína |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 13, 1942 |
| Place of death | Mauthausen concentration camp |