K'awiil

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K'awiil embraces a woman with his snakebone (illustration on a ceramic vase of the classical period)
Sketch of the Tohil Temple in Qumarkaj ( Catherwood 1840)
Temple of Tohil in Qumarkaj (2006)

K'awiil (alternative names: Bolon Tzacab , Bolon Dz'acab , god K , Kauil , Tohil , Tojil ) was the god of descent or the god of the dynasty in the mythology of the Maya , but also a fiery god of lightning . He is said to be identical with Huracán or shares with these characteristics, as well as with Chaac , with whom he also occasionally merges into a deity.

K'awiil even Kauil or Kawil and Bolon Tzacab or Bolon Dz'acab is undisputed equated with God K . He was a god of the classical period and is mentioned in both Codex Dresdensis and Codex Peresianus . While Jones and Molyneaux translate him as God from the ninth generation and identify him as the god of descent, and continue to communicate that his mystical date of birth is engraved in the Temple of the Cross of Leaves in Palenque , Grube describes him as a previously inconclusive deity. Nevertheless, he also identifies him as the god of dynasties and a fiery god of lightning. K'awiil , according to Grube, was also a common part of the names of rulers . On K'awiil respect participating pictures can be found among others in Tikal .

In addition to ancestry and legitimation of power, K'awiil was also indisputably associated with weather phenomena, which is also evident from the relationship between Huracán and Chaac . It is precisely because of these properties that it is sometimes equated with Tohil or Tojil .

Tohil he was a post-classical god of quiche , his main temple was in Q'umarkaj . He occupies an essential position in the Popol Vuh and is also mentioned in the annals of the Cakchiquel . Him were human sacrifices offered. During a campaign by the Quiché against the Cakchiquel of Iximché in the 15th century, the attackers suffered a heavy defeat. The victorious Cakchiquel also took from the Quiché their idol of Tojil , whereupon they no longer dared to attack the Cakchiquel again. The Quiché empire came under tribute from Mexico in 1510 .

Under the name Bolon Dz'acab ( Bolon Dzacab , Bolon Tzacab ) he was assigned an important but somewhat unclear role in the cosmology of the Maya in the book Chilam Balam by Chumayel.

Web links

Commons : K'awiil  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nikolai Grube (ed.): Maya, Gottkönige im Regenwald , Potsdam, 2012, pp. 264–271
  2. ↑ David M. Jones and Brain L. Molyneaux: Mythology of the New World: An Encyclopedia of Myths in North, Meso and South America , Reichelsheim 2002, p. 95
  3. ↑ Nikolai Grube (ed.): Maya, Gottkönige im Regenwald , Potsdam, 2012, p. 433
  4. ↑ David M. Jones and Brain L. Molyneaux: Mythology of the New World: An Encyclopedia of Myths in North, Meso and South America , Reichelsheim 2002, p. 147
  5. ↑ Nikolai Grube (ed.): Maya, Gottkönige im Regenwald , Potsdam, 2012, pp. 364–365
  6. ↑ Ralph L. Roys : The Book of Chilam Balam of Chuyamel . Washington DC, Carnegie Institution 1933 ( PDF ; 3.2 MB)