Regicide
As regicide (also Regizid ) refers to the murder of a king . Kingsides are people who commit or attempt to commit such a thing. Examples are Macbeth , who killed the Scottish King Duncan I on August 14, 1040 , François Ravaillac , who stabbed the French King Henry IV in 1610 , Robert François Damiens , who in 1757 carried out a failed assassination attempt on King Louis XV. committed, Johan Jacob Anckarström (1792 murder of the Swedish King Gustav III. ) and the then Nepalese Crown Prince Dipendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev , who in 2001 was ascribed the murder of his father Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev .
Especially with the English word regicides , after the fall of the Commonwealth of Lord Protector Richard Cromwell and the restoration of the British monarchy in 1659, those 84 members of the House of Commons, mostly Puritans , who had voted as judges in 1649 for the execution of Charles I , were persecuted . Most of them were sentenced to death. Oliver Cromwell himself was exhumed as one of the main culprits and subsequently executed. Some escaped arrest by escaping. They were persecuted abroad and abducted to London or were able to survive undetected.
In the history of (East Franconian) German royalty , the first killing of a king - not on the battlefield - took place in the year 1208, in Bamberg . The Roman-German King Philip of Swabia (* 1177) from the Staufer dynasty , king since 1198, was murdered by Otto VIII von Wittelsbach at the height of his power on June 21, 1208 . Alongside Albrecht I of Habsburg († May 1, 1308), Philip is the only Roman-German ruler to be assassinated.
In a figurative sense, people who contributed to the overthrow of superiors are sometimes referred to as regicide.
literature
- Jason Peacey (Ed.): The regicides and the execution of Charles I. Palgrave MacMillan, Basingstoke 2001, ISBN 0-333-80259-4
