Kalynda
Coordinates: 36 ° 45 ′ 1 ″ N , 28 ° 50 ′ 9 ″ E
Kalynda (ancient Greek Κάλυνδα, Latin Calynda ) is an ancient city near today's Şerefler about 4 kilometers east of Dalaman in the district of the same name in the Turkish province of Muğla . In antiquity, it was on the border of the ancient landscapes of Caria and Lycia .
history
According to Herodotus , the territory of Kalynda in classical times bordered that of Kaunos , under whose dominion Kalynda was before the middle of the 2nd century BC. Chr. Got. Herodotus was interested in the participation of the city in the Persian Wars , because the Damasithymos dynast of Kalynda provided ships on the side of the Persian great king Xerxes in the sea battle of Salamis . Middle of the 5th century BC Kalynda was a member of the Delisch-Attic Sea League .
In the Hellenistic period , the predominance of Kalynda changed several times. Middle of the 3rd century BC The city was Ptolemaic , 166 BC. BC it was under Kaunian hegemony, a few years later Kalynda placed itself under Rhodian rule. In the 1st century BC The city came again to Kaunos. According to the Andriake customs law , Kalynda, like Kaunos and Lydai , must have belonged to the Lycian league since Nero .
Greek inscriptions from Kaunos and Lycia also mention Kalynda and testify to the close ties to the neighboring cities of Kaunos and Lydai even during the Roman Empire . After the severe earthquake in Lycia in 141 AD, Kalynda, like many other Lycian cities, received grants from the great benefactor Opramoas from Rhodiapolis .
archeology
A wall encircled the approximately four hectare large city, which includes a small Hellenistic acropolis and a rock necropolis.
literature
- George Ewart Bean : Kalynda (Kozpinar) Turkey . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
- Hans Kaletsch : Kalynda. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 6, Metzler, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-476-01476-2 , column 214.
- William Smith: sv Calynda . In: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, illustrated by numerous engravings on wood. London 1854.
- Werner Tietz : The Gulf of Fethiye. Political, ethnic and cultural structures of a border region from the beginning of the demonstrable settlement up to the Roman Empire. Bonn 2003, pp. 201-231.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Herodotus 1,172.
- ↑ Herodotus 8:87.
- ^ Christian Marek : Kaunos and Lykien. In; Adalya. Volume 14, 2011, pp. 57-62.