Cartel of Jewish Associations

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The Cartel of Jewish Associations (KJV) was a corporation association of Jewish student associations in the German Reich . It was created on July 14, 1914 from the merger of the Cartel Zionist Associations (KZV) with the Bund Jüdischer Corporationen (BJC) .

History of the BJC

The BJC was founded on January 16, 1901 by the associations of Jewish students in Berlin , Leipzig , Breslau and Munich . It was only in the course of the following years that it became clearly Zionist .

History of the KZV

As early as 1902, a Free Association Hasmonea with Zionist objectives was founded at the University of Berlin . Together with a like-minded association in Munich, she formed the Cartel of Zionist Associations on January 16, 1906.

History of the KJV

After both predecessors had ideologically approached before 1914, a merger took place in July 1914. Like the KC , the KJV associations behaved like other student associations , adhering to the customs of the Comment and cultivating the mensur , but they identified themselves more with Jewish than German history and culture. In 1914 the KJV had around 1000 members.

Orthodox Jews preferred to join the Union of Jewish Academics , which strictly promoted the study of the Talmud and Torah and sought to unite it with modern science, the KJV and its forerunners were more aimed at politically, Zionist-oriented Jews from assimilated parents. The Zionist positions of the KJV led to opposition between it and the Cartel Convent (KC), but in the war years 1914–1918 there was a temporary truce.

From 1918, the KJV published an association magazine called Der Jüdische Wille .

When the German Burschenschaft decided on a racial standpoint at the Burschentag in Eisenach in 1920 , the KJV took a counter-resolution calling on members married to non-Jews to quit.

In 1924 the KJV consisted of 395 active, 205 inactive and 835 old men. 935 members took part in the First World War, 98 of whom died.

After it came to power , the KJV constituted a cartel for Palestine on September 13, 1933, many members emigrated to what would later become Israel , activities in Germany ceased from 1933, and almost all federal members left Germany by the end of the 1930s. The old men's association of the KJV was still active in Tel-Aviv.

In Switzerland there was also an association of the same name KJV from 1900 to 1928, which comprised three striking Zionist leagues.

History of the BZK

In the post-war years, there was a partial departure from traditional student forms and an even clearer turn to Zionism and the Palestine question . In 1919 a part of the members split off temporarily as the Bund Zionist Korporationen (BZK) , which wanted to stick to conservative (German) association traditions, but merged again with the KJV in 1929.

Former connections in the KJV

  • Association of Jewish Students Berlin
  • Hasmonaea Berlin
  • Maccabaea Berlin
  • Rowing Association of Jewish Students Ivria Berlin
  • Sports Association of Jewish Students Berlin
  • Kadimah Bonn
  • Hasmonaea Wroclaw
  • Haboneh Darmstadt
  • Saxonia Frankfurt am Main
  • Ivria Freiburg
  • Kadimah Friedberg
  • Hasmonaea pouring
  • Kadimah Hamburg
  • Association of Jewish Students Ivria Heidelberg
  • Haawodah Karlsruhe
  • Bar Kochba Cologne
  • Maccabaea Koenigsberg
  • Hatikwah Leipzig
  • Jordania Munich
  • Hatikwah Wuerzburg

Former connections in the BZK

  • VJSt Kadimah Berlin
  • Jordania Bonn
  • Zephirah Wroclaw
  • Hasmonaea Frankfurt am Main

See also

literature

  • Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25 p. 247.
  • Paulgerhard Gladen : History of the student corporation associations. Volume 2: The non-striking associations. Wuerzburg 1985.
  • Bernhard Grün, Christoph Vogel: The Fuxenstunde . Manual of Corporation Studentism. Bad Buchau 2014, pp. 224–225, ISBN 978-3-925171-92-5 .
  • Eli Rothschild (Ed.): Milestones. On the Path of the Cartel of Jewish Associations (KJV) in the Zionist Movement , [A collective publication on behalf of the KJV Presidium], Tel Aviv, 1972.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jehuda Reinharz (Ed.): Documents on the history of German Zionism, 1882-1933. Mohr Siebeck, 1981, ISBN 9783167432723 , p. 144
  2. ↑ a b c Jehuda Reinharz (ed.): Documents on the history of German Zionism, 1882-1933. Mohr Siebeck, 1981, ISBN 9783167432723 , Introduction p. XXV
  3. ↑ a b Michael A. Meyer (eds.), Michael A. Meyer, Steven M. Lowenstein, Michael Brenner, Mordechai Breuer : German-Jewish History in the Modern Era: Controversial Integration 1871-1918 , Leo Baeck Institute, CH Beck 1997, ISBN 9783406397042 , p. 146
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Gruner: "A fate that I shared with a lot of others": Alfred Kantorowicz: his life and time from 1899 to 1935 , sel university press GmbH, 2006, ISBN 9783899582093 , p. 87
  5. ↑ George L. Mosse: Die Völkische Revolution: About the spiritual roots of National Socialism , Anton Hain, Frankfurt am Main, 1991, ISBN 9783445047656 , p. 133
  6. ↑ Mark H. Gelber, Jakob Hessing, Robert Jütte : Integration and Exclusion: Studies on German-Jewish literary and cultural history from the early modern period to the present; Festschrift for Hans Otto Horch on the occasion of his 65th birthday , Walter de Gruyter, 2009, ISBN 9783484620063 , p. 233
  7. ↑ Paul Gerhardt Gladen , Ulrich Becker: Gaudeamus Igitur: The student links past and present , Callwey, 1986, ISBN 9783766708113 , page 43
  8. ^ EH Eberhard: Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25 p. 247
  9. ↑ Paulgerhard Gladen, Ulrich Becker: Gaudeamus Igitur: The student connections once and now , p. 45
  10. ^ Eli Rothschild (ed.): Milestones. On the way of the cartel of Jewish connections (KJV) in the Zionist movements , Presidium of the KJV, Tel Aviv, 1972, p. 401
  11. ↑ Thomas Schindler: Student anti-Semitism and Jewish student associations 1880-1933 . Edited by Jürgen Setter. Erlangen, self-published by the Student History Association, 1988. P. 131 OCLC 25203368