Thick-skinned potato bovist

Thick-skinned potato bovist
	Thick-skinned potato bovist ( Scleroderma citrinum )
Systematics
Subclass :	Agaricomycetidae
Order :	Boletales (Boletales)
Subordination :	Sclerodermatineae
Family :	Potato bovist relatives (Sclerodermataceae)
Genre :	Potato Boviste ( Scleroderma )
Type :	Thick-skinned potato bovist
Scientific name
	Scleroderma citrinum
	Pers.

The thick-skinned or common potato / hard bovine ( Scleroderma citrinum ) is a poisonous type of mushroom from the potato bovine family .

features

Old fruiting body filled with spore powder and torn open at the vertex

A coarsely scaled specimen of the thick-skinned potato bovine

Macroscopic features

The thick-skinned potato bovist forms fruit bodies with a diameter of 3–10 (–18) cm . They are elongated-round, very firm and yellowish to yellowish-brown in color. The shell ( peridia ) is 2–3 mm thick and hard; the surface is fieldy or cracked and flaky, but sometimes also quite smooth. One stalk is missing, mycelial threads hang from the base . When ripe, the fruiting body tears at the top, so that the spores can escape in clouds of dust. The inner flesh ( gleba ) is only slightly yellowish when young, but quickly turns brownish to blackish and is permeated with fine whitish veins. The fruit mass is initially very firm and later disintegrates into spore dust. The smell and taste are pungent garlic-like or metallic.

Microscopic features

The spores are round and have a dark, raised network. Without the mesh, they are 8–13 micrometers tall.

Species delimitation

The leopard skin hard bovist and the brown and black hard bovist, which used to be grouped under the name thin-skinned potato bovist, are brownish in color and have a less coarse surface.

Ecology and phenology

The thick-skinned potato bovist can be found in sandy, dry coniferous and mixed forests on acidic substrate. It is common from summer to late autumn, from July to November.

Poisonous effect

Eating thick-skinned potato bovine can lead to digestive problems such as vomiting and abdominal pain. In addition, sweating and low blood pressure with dizziness and collapse, possibly leading to unconsciousness, can occur. The poison effect can already set in 30 to 45 minutes after the mushroom meal. Visual disturbances and intoxicating conditions have also occurred in individual cases. It is not known which substances are responsible for the toxic effect.

swell

literature

Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . BLV, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8354-0053-3 . P. 496
Bruno Cetto: Encyclopedia of Mushrooms , Volume 4, BLV Munich, 1988, ISBN 3-405-13477-3
Rose Marie Dähncke: 1200 Pilze , AT Verlag, Aarau Stuttgart, 1993, ISBN 3-85502-503-7

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Common potato bovist. In: Mushroom database of the Munich poison emergency call. Retrieved January 13, 2014 .
↑ Rosemarie Kießling: Poisoning with Scleroderma Verrucosum (Bull.) Pers. 1801. In: German Society for Mycology. Retrieved January 13, 2014 .

Web links

Commons : Thick-skinned Potato Bovist ( Scleroderma citrinum ) - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

[toxinfo-1] Common potato bovist. In: Mushroom database of the Munich poison emergency call. Retrieved January 13, 2014 .

[Kiessling-2] Rosemarie Kießling: Poisoning with Scleroderma Verrucosum (Bull.) Pers. 1801. In: German Society for Mycology. Retrieved January 13, 2014 .