Sărățeni Castle

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Sărățeni Castle
limes Dacian Limes
section A / VII / 34
Limes Porolissensis
Dating (occupancy) 2nd to 3rd century
Type Auxiliary fort
unit A) unknown
B) Cohors I Alpinorum
size A) unknown
B) 140 m × 146 m = 2 ha
Construction A) Wood and earth warehouse
B) Stone fort
State of preservation rectangular soil deformation in the terrain
place Sărățeni
Geographical location 46 ° 33 '45.7 "  N , 25 ° 0' 53.3"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 33 '45.7 "  N , 25 ° 0' 53.3"  E
height 410  m
Previous Călugăreni Castle
(northwest, A / VII / 33)
Subsequently Praetoria Augusta / ( Inlăceni Fort )
(south-southeast, A / VII / 35)
The Dacian Limites

Sărățeni Castle was a Roman auxiliary camp in the municipality of Sărățeni , Mureș County in the Romanian region of Transylvania .

location

In today's settlement, the soil monument is in the center of the village, in the "Var" (or "Värfö") corridor east of the church. Topographically, it is located on a flat high terrace on the right bank of the Tirnava Micä . Due to the deformation of the ground in the form of a rectangle that rises slightly above the surrounding walking level, it is still clearly perceptible in the terrain. In ancient times it was part of the Limes Porolissensis in the province of Dacia superior (later Dacia Porolissensis ) and secured the Bucin Pass, one of the most important connections between the Roman province and the Barbaricum .

Archaeological evidence

Overall, the fort has not been well researched. During the excavations in 1958 under the direction of Zoltán Székely , two construction phases could be differentiated, whereby little more is known of the first wood-earth warehouse than its mere existence. At a time that cannot be dated more precisely, the wood-earth structure was replaced by a stone fort. The stone structure had a rectangular floor plan with rounded corners and sides of 140 meters and 146 meters, which corresponds to an area of ​​around two hectares. It was oriented with its sides in the four cardinal directions, with the Praetorialfront (front) probably pointing to the north. It was surrounded by a 1.50 m thick wall using the technique of Opus incertum , in front of which a simple, 8.00 m wide and 1.50 to 2.00 m deep pointed ditch ran as an obstacle to the approach. The corners of the fort were occupied by trapezoidal corner towers. The suspected Porta Paetoria (side gate) was found on the north side. It was flanked by two rectangular gate towers á 6.25 m by 8.00 m and only offered a passage width of 1.80 m. According to epigraphic finds (not before the year 114), the fort crew was formed by the Cohors I Alpinorum .

Lost property and monument protection

The excavation finds were left to the Muzeul Judecean Covasna in Sfântu Gheorghe .

The entire archaeological site and in particular the castle are protected as historical monuments according to Law No. 422/2001 passed in 2001 and are entered in the national list of historical monuments (Lista Monumentelor Istorice) with the LMI code MS-IsB-15416 . Responsible is the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Ministerul Culturii şi Patrimoniului Naţional), in particular the General Directorate for National Cultural Heritage, the Department of Fine Arts and the National Commission for Historical Monuments and other institutions subordinate to the Ministry. Unauthorized excavations and the export of ancient objects are prohibited in Romania.

See also

literature

  • Nicolae Gudea : The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story . In: Yearbook of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz 44 (1997), pp. 58f., ( Digitized version ).
  • Constanze Hoepken et al .: Watch Towers on the Dacian Eastern Part of the Limes between Brancovenesti and Calugareni (jud. Mures / RO). In: Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 46.2 (2016), pp. 241–254.
  • Felix Marcu: The Internal Planning of Roman Forts of Dacia . (= Bibliotheca Mvsei Napocensis XXX), Mega Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca 2009, ISBN 978-606-543-058-7 , pp. 121f.
  • Florian Matei-Popescu: Trupele auxiliare pe limesul estic al Daciei. Stadiul problemei . ANGVSTIA, Studii şi cercetări de Arheologie 17–18 (2014), pp. 205–216, here p. 207, ( digitized version ).
  • Florian Matei-Popescu and Ovidiu Ţentea: The Eastern Frontier of Dacia. A Gazetteer of the Forts and Units . In: Vitalie Bârcă (ed.): Orbis Romanus and Barbaricum. The Barbarians around the Province of Dacia and Their Relations with the Roman Empire . Mega Publishing House, Cluj ‑ Napoca 2016, ISBN 978-606-543-755-5 , pp. 7–24, here p. 10, ( digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Route / section / fort number (based on Nicolae Gudea , 1997).
  2. ↑ a b CIL 03, 08074,08b , CIL 03, 08074,08c , CIL 03, 08074,08e , online , online , online online online and online .
  3. ↑ Nicolae Gudea: The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story . In: Yearbook of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz 44 (1997), p. 58, ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ Nicolae Gudea: The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story . In: Yearbook of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz 44 (1997), pp. 58f., ( Digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Nicolae Gudea: The Dacian Limes. Materials on its story . In: Yearbook of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz 44 (1997), p. 59, ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ List of historical monuments on the website of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage