Kathiri
The Kathiri ( Arabic الكثيري, DMG al-Kaṯīrī ) are one of the largest tribes of Yemen , where they founded a sultanate in Hadramaut , which was later officially named Kathiri State of Seiyun in Hadramaut (السلطنة الكثيرية - سيؤن - حضرموت as-Saltana al-Kathīrīya - Say'ūn - Hadramaut ).
The sultanate
In 1462/63 the Kathiri conquered Dhofar and retained sovereignty there until 1804. In 1488 they invaded the Hadramaut from Sanaa in High Yemen under Badr Abu Towairaq . The Kathiri recruited mercenaries for this, mainly Yafa'is from the mountains northeast of Aden . The Kathiris ruled over most of the Hadramaut for a time and exerted influence in what is now Oman . Its capital was initially Tarim , later Seiyun , which replaced Shibam as the center of the Hadramaut.
In the 16th century the Yafa'is themselves annexed the west of the Hadramaut and founded their own state with its center in al-Qatn . From 1829 the ruler of Muscat extended his power to Dhofar. It was not until 1876 that the Kathiri recognized Omani sovereignty over Dhofar. In the 19th century the Kathiri were more and more harassed by the Qu'aiti , so that they finally only had a small territory without sea access in the Hadramaut. During this time the sultanate began trading with the British Empire and eventually became a British Protectorate as part of the Protectorate of Yemen in 1848 . In 1962 the sultanate refused to join the South Arab Federation . Al Husayn ibn Ali, the last Kathiri sultan, was overthrown on October 2nd, 1967. The Sultanate, along with the rest of the British Protectorate and the South Arab Federation, became the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen) on November 30, 1967, independent of the British.
| Ruler of the Kathiri | |
|---|---|
| 1395 to 1430 | Badr as-Sahab ibn al-Habrali Bu Tuwairik |
| circa 1430 to circa 1450 | Muhammad ibn 'Ali |
| until approx. 1493 | Ja'far ibn 'Abdallah |
| circa 1516 to circa 1565 | Badr ibn 'Abdallah |
| 1565 to 1582 | ʿAbdallāh ibn Badr |
| 1582 to 1612 | ʿUmar ibn Badr Bū Tuwairiq |
| 1670 to 1690 | Ja'far ibn 'Abdallah al-Kathir |
| 1690 to 1707 | Badr ibn Ja'far al-Kathir |
| 1707 to 1725 | 'Abdllah ibn Badr al-Kathir |
| 1725 to 1760 | 'Amr ibn Badr al-Kathir |
| 1760 to 1800 | Ahmad ibn 'Amr al-Kathir |
| 1800 to 1830 | Muhsin ibn Ahmad al-Kathir |
| 1830 to 1880 | Ghalib ibn Muhsin al-Kathir |
| 1880 to May 1929 | al-Mansur ibn Ghalib al-Kathir |
| May 1929 to 1938 | 'Ali ibn al-Mansur al-Kathir |
| 1938 to April 24, 1949 | Ja'far ibn al-Mansur al-Kathir |
| April 1949 to October 2, 1967 | al-Husain ibn 'Ali al-Kathir |
Kathiri outside of Arabia
Kathiri members emigrated to various regions of Asia in the 19th century. For example to India , where they are also known as Al Kaseri and belong to the Chaush ethnic group .
A descendant of the emigrants is the East Timorese politician Marí Bin Amude Alkatiri , who became the country's first prime minister after the country regained independence from Indonesia . He belongs to the third generation of his family in Timor .
source
Web links
- Flags of the World - Kathiri State in Seiyun (Protectorate of South Arabia, Yemen) : Flag of the Sultanate (English)
- The Al-Kathiri Palace on the Hadramaut portal