Żarnowiec nuclear power plant
| Żarnowiec nuclear power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 44 '36 " N , 18 ° 5' 24" E | |
| Country: |
 Poland
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| Data | ||
| Owner: | Nuclear Power Plant Zarnowiec | |
| Operator: | Nuclear Power Plant Zarnowiec | |
| Project start: | 1972 | |
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Construction discontinued (gross): |
4 (1860 MW) | |
| Was standing: | May 8, 2008 | |
| The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation . | ||
The Żarnowiec nuclear power plant ( Polish: Elektrownia Jądrowa Żarnowiec ) was to become the first nuclear power plant in Poland . Four reactors of the type VVER-440/213 were to be built. The project was abandoned due to protests in the 1990s.
history
The project was started in 1972 by the Polish government. The Soviet-type reactors were built by Škoda , the turbo sets and generators were manufactured by Polish factories. In 1980 a railway line to Żarnowiec was built. Construction of the power plant began in 1982 about 50 kilometers northwest of Gdansk near the town of Żarnowiec on Lake Żarnowiec . Four VVER-440/213 were planned. The nuclear power plant should have a total output of 1860 MW .
After the Chernobyl disaster , resistance to the project grew. After the political change in 1989 - the Third Polish Republic came into being - there were massive protests against the power plant and safety deficiencies were pointed out. The government stopped the project in 1989 and subjected it to a review. More recent research results showed that the waste heat from the power plant would have heated the water in the lake by over 10 ° C and that this would have caused ecological damage. In 1990 the project was abandoned. The Minister of Economy described the power station as superfluous, there was enough capacity within Poland. A major factor was a referendum in the Gdansk Voivodeship on May 27, 1990. The result was as follows:
- 44.3% of citizens took part
- 13.9% of those who voted were in favor of completion
- 86.1% of those who voted were against further construction
The turnout for a final referendum was too low. Nevertheless, the government decided against completion. Thereupon the planning for a second Polish nuclear power plant was given up; these were later resumed.
It is estimated that the equivalent of two billion US dollars had been invested in the construction of the facility.
present
The unfinished buildings begin to crumble. Uses were found for the two reactors:
- one was sold to the Loviisa nuclear power plant (Finland) in 1994 ,
- the other is now in the Center for Nuclear Studies in Paks (Hungary).
Today the lake and its surroundings are a nature reserve. Many rare animal species live here. The Żarnowiec pumped storage power plant works on the lake .
With the growing demand for electricity and the decommissioning of the Ignalina nuclear power plant on December 31, 2009, pollution from fossil fuel power plants (in Poland mainly coal power plants) increased; they also emit a lot of CO 2 .
In 2004, the government passed long-term plans to build a nuclear power plant in 2020.
After Donald Tusk became Prime Minister in November 2007, his government decided to have two new nuclear power plants completed by 2025. This is part of an energy action plan aimed at reducing Poland's dependence on coal. In January 2010, Tusk announced that it was in negotiations with France and South Korea for the delivery of modern reactor technology. In March 2010 the Polish government compiled a list of 27 potential locations for nuclear power plants. Żarnowiec was still considered the best location. In the summer of 2010, the government announced that the first nuclear power plant should go into operation in 2022 and the second in 2023.
On May 16, 2011, the new building was approved in the Polish Parliament with 404 votes, only two votes against and one abstention. The commissioning of the first block was postponed several times, initially to the years 2027 to 2029, then to the year 2031 . Currently (as of April 2018), commissioning is not assumed before 2040, while no final location has been determined. Critics now firmly assume that the construction project will never be realized.
Data of the planned reactors
| Reactor block | Reactor type | net power |
gross power |
Beginning of project planning | start of building | Project setting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Żarnowiec-1 | WWER-440/213 | 440 MW | 465 MW | 1972 | 01/01/1983 | 09/04/1990 |
| Żarnowiec-2 | WWER-440/213 | 440 MW | 465 MW | 1972 | 01/01/1983 | 09/04/1990 |
| Żarnowiec-3 | WWER-440/213 | 440 MW | 465 MW | 1972 | 09/04/1990 | |
| Żarnowiec-4 | WWER-440/213 | 440 MW | 465 MW | 1972 | 09/04/1990 |
See also
Web links
- Pictures of the ruins
- Plague : Zarnowiec (Poland)
- Article about the power plant
- Article about the protests against the Żarnowiec nuclear power plant
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 1, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Polish)
- ↑ http://www.zb.eco.pl/BZB/34/rozdz4.htm Kordulska, Ilona, Zanim wejdziesz na drzewo. Poradnik prawny obrońcy środowiska, Krakau 1999. (Polish)
- ↑ http://www.syryjczyk.krakow.pl/Elektrownia%20Jadrowa_T.htm (Polish)
- ↑ www.freipresse.de Greens complain about serious errors in the Polish nuclear program ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ faz.net: The Short Polish Atomic Age of October 1, 2008
- ^ Transport of the nuclear reactor from Żarnowiec to the port of Loviisa. In: www.port-consultants.com. Accessed December 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Simon Rippon: Doing it right: The Loviisa way. In: NUCLEAR NEWS. October 1999, accessed December 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Poland relies on nuclear energy to reduce its dependence on coal
- ↑ www.das-polen-magazin.de
- ↑ March 2010.pdf The nuclear power plant location ranking from March 16, 2010 in Poland ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Polish original) ( Memento of the original from August 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Platts, June 11, 2010: Legal, workforce voids may slow Poland's nuclear plants: experts ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Platts, August 13, 2010: Poland delays nuclear plant schedule ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Polish parliament clear ways for nuclear plant (en)
- ↑ Atomówka znowu opóźniona, dociekliwy poseł poza listą PO (Polish)
- ↑ NDR.de: Poland's nuclear plans stall from April 30, 2018
