Żarnowiec pumped storage power plant
| Żarnowiec pumped storage power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 43 '20 " N , 18 ° 4' 56" E | |
| country |
 Poland
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| place | Żarnowiec | |
| Waters | Zarnowitz Lake | |
| power plant | ||
| operator | PGE Energia Odnawialna SA | |
| Start of planning | 1972 | |
| construction time | 1976-1983 | |
| Start of operation | 1983 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | Turbines: 716 megawatts. Pumps: 800 megawatts |
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| Average height of fall |
Max. 125 m | |
| Expansion flow | 700 m³ / s | |
| Turbines | 4 Francis - pump-turbines | |
| Others | ||
The Żarnowiec (Polish: Elektrownia Wodna Żarnowiec ) pumped storage power plant, which was built from 1973 to 1983, is the largest pumped storage power plant in Poland with a pump output of 800 MW and a turbine output of 716 MW . It is located on the south bank of Lake Zarnowitz , on which the unfinished Żarnowiec nuclear power plant is also located.
history
In the 1970s, there was a shortage of electrical energy in Poland in general and of power plants for peak load generation in particular. Therefore, in 1972 a proposal was made to build a nuclear power plant and a pumped storage power plant on Lake Zarnowitz. Detailed planning began in 1973, construction of the Żarnowiec pumped storage power plant began in 1976 and was completed in 1983. Construction of the Żarnowiec nuclear power plant began in 1982, but construction was canceled in 1990.
technology
Upper basin with inlet structure
Pressure pipes between the upper basin and the machine house
Machine house with connection to the high voltage network
Zarnowitz Lake as a lower basin
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The pumped storage power plant has an artificially created upper basin with a surface area of 135 ha, a total storage volume of 15.9 million m³ and a usable volume of 13.8 million m³. The water level in the upper basin fluctuates by up to 16 m. Four 1,100 m long penstocks with a diameter of 7.40 m to 5.40 m lead from the upper basin to the machine house . Up to 700 m³ / s flow through these lines during turbine operation.
In the power house has four Francis - pump turbines with a capacity of 4 x 179 MW = 716 MW in turbine mode and 4 × 200 MW = 800 MW in pumping mode. In total, the power plant has a control capacity of 1,516 MW. The reactive power can be varied from approximately −400 MVAr (capacitive) to approximately +800 MVAr (inductive).
The pumped storage power plant can deliver the maximum output for 5.5 hours in turbine operation and absorb the maximum output for 6.0 hours in pump operation. In turbine operation, 180 m³ / s flow per turbine, in pump operation 140 m³ / s. The power plant takes 180 s (= 3 min) to start the turbine operation and 600 s (= 10 min) to start the pumping operation. The efficiency of the power plant is 73%. The maximum fall height used is 125 m.
The underwater canal has a length of 835 m, a maximum width of 13 m and a width of 100 m at the mouth. In the underwater channel, the water flows at a speed of 1 m / s. In Zarnowitz Lake, which serves as the lower basin, the water level fluctuates by up to 1 m due to its much larger volume compared to the upper basin.
See also
literature
- Janusz Lobacz: Role Of Pumped Storage In The National Electricity System of Poland . In: PGE Energia Odnawialna SA (Ed.): Hydro In Europe: Powering Renewables . Brussels, Belgium September 26, 2011 ( eurelectric.org [PDF; 1.8 MB ; accessed on October 20, 2012]).
- Wojciech Majewski: Studies For Nuclear And Pumped-Storage Powerplant Żarnowiec . In: Institute of Meteorology and Water Management Warsaw (Ed.): XXX International School of Hydraulics . Wiejce, Poland September 17, 2012 ( sh.igf.edu.pl [PDF; 4.1 MB ; accessed on October 20, 2012]).
Web links
- Żarnowiec Hydroelectric Power Plant. PGE Energia Odnawialna SA, archived from the original on April 16, 2013 ; accessed on October 21, 2012 (English).