List of nuclear facilities
Nuclear power plants in planning
All nuclear power plants that have been planned are listed here. Plants that are currently in the planning phase are highlighted in yellow . This list also includes projects that were discontinued in the planning phase. Nuclear power plants under construction are listed in the list of nuclear power plants alongside those in operation if they have been registered with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
country | Plant name | Type of plant | Start planning | Project discontinued | Comments and planned start of construction or commissioning |
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Egypt |
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Egypt | El Dabaa 1 | SSE-500 | 2011 | 1000 MW gross output, 600 MW net output, under construction, project standstill due to the political situation | |
Egypt | El Dabaa 2 | SSE-500 | 2007 | 2011 | 1000 MW gross output, 600 MW net output, under construction |
Brazil |
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Brazil | Angra-3 | 1229 MWe | 1975 | Interim construction: 1984-1986, technology was bought and stored in 1995, commissioning planned for 2018 (2011) | |
Bulgaria |
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Bulgaria | Belene 1 | WWER-1000 / 466B | 01/01/1987 | 03/28/2012 | 1000 MW gross output, 953 MW net output, project discontinued on March 28, 2012 |
Bulgaria | Belene 2 | WWER-1000 / 466B | March 31, 1987 | 03/28/2012 | 1000 MW gross output, 953 MW net output, project discontinued on March 28, 2012 |
China |
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China | Hongshiding 1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | - | ? MW gross power,? MW net output, in planning |
China | Hongshiding 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | - | ? MW gross power,? MW net output, in planning |
Germany |
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Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
Bad Breisig | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1971 | 1980 | |
Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
BASF-1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | December 01, 1976 | 425 MW gross output |
Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
Ludwigshafen | DWR | 1973 | ? | Steam power plant BASF-1; Planning replaced by fossil-fuel power plant - this went into operation in 2004 |
Germany (Hessen) |
Biblis C | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1970 | 1995 | Components already manufactured were used for the Angra -2 nuclear power plant |
Germany (Hessen) |
Biblis D | DWR | 1973 | 1978 | |
Germany (Hessen) |
Bark | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1981 | 1995 | |
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
Cuxhaven | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1974 | ? | |
Germany (Saxony) |
Dahlen-Börln | WWER -1000 with 1000 MW gross output or 950 MW net output | 1990 | ||
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
Emden | DWR | 1974 | ? | |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
Hamm (KKH) | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1975 | 1995 | the Emsland nuclear power plant was built as a replacement |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
Kalkar 2 | Breeder reactor with 1460 MW gross output | 1992 | should become one of the largest nuclear reactors | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Mannheim-Kirschgartshausen | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1972 | 1980 | |
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
Langendorf | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1977 | ? | Planned as part of a national nuclear center in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district |
Germany (Bavaria) |
Marienberg | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1972 | 2000 | Was finally given up in 2000 by the Bavarian state government |
Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
Neupotz A. | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1977 | 1987 | |
Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
Neupotz B. | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1977 | ? | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Obrigheim 2 | DWR | 1969 | 1977 | |
Germany (Bavaria) |
Pfaffenhofen / Zusam (Rehling) A | DWR / convoy | 1975 | 2000 | was finally given up in 2000 by the Bavarian state government |
Germany (Bavaria) |
Pfaffenhofen / Zusam (Rehling) B. | DWR / convoy | 1975 | 2000 | was finally given up in 2000 by the Bavarian state government |
Germany (Bavaria) |
Pleinting | DWR / convoy | 1977 | 2000 | was finally given up in 2000 by the Bavarian state government |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Riederich | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1975 | ? | |
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
Rysumer sand | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1975 | ? | |
Germany (Saxony-Anhalt) |
Stendal 3 | WWER-1000/320 with 1000 MW gross or 950 net output | ? | ? | |
Germany (Saxony-Anhalt) |
Stendal 4 | WWER-1000/320 with 1000 MW gross or 950 net output | ? | ? | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Schwörstadt 1 (" Hochrhein NPP ") | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1972 | 1980 | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Schwörstadt 2 ("Hochrhein NPP") | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1972 | 1980 | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Schwörstadt 3 ("Hochrhein NPP") | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1972 | 1980 | |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
Vahnum A | PWR / convoy with 1300 MW gross output | 1975 | ? | |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
Vahnum B. | DWR / convoy | 1975 | ? | |
Germany (Bavaria) |
Viereth | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1975 | 2000 | Was finally given up in 2000 by the Bavarian state government |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Wyhl nuclear power plant ("South nuclear power plant") | PWR / convoy with 1345 MW gross output | 1973 | 1983 | |
France |
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France | Plogoff 1 | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1978 | 1981 | Planning started |
France | Plogoff 2 | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1978 | 1981 | Planning discontinued |
France | Plogoff 3 | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1978 | 1981 | Planning discontinued |
France | Plogoff 4 | PWR with 1300 MW gross output | 1978 | 1981 | Planning discontinued |
India |
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India | Jaitapur | 2010 | - | 6 × 1650MW planned | |
India | Kaiga 5 | PHWR | - | - | 220 MW gross output, 202 MW net output, planning completed |
India | Kaiga 6 | PHWR | - | - | 220 MW gross output, 202 MW net output, planning completed |
India | Kudankulam | VVER-1000 | 2001 | - | 6 × 1200 MW planned |
India | Rajasthan 7 | PHWR | - | - | 540 MW gross output, 490 MW net output, planning completed |
India | Rajasthan 8 | PHWR | - | - | 540 MW gross output, 490 MW net output, planning completed |
Italy |
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Italy | Lombardia 1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | December 01, 1987 | ? MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Italy | Lombardia 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | December 01, 1987 | ? MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Italy | Puglia 1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | December 01, 1987 | ? MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Italy | Puglia 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | December 01, 1987 | ? MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Italy | Termoli 1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 01/01/1982 | 982 MW gross output, 952 MW net output, planning completed |
Italy | Termoli 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 01/01/1982 | 982 MW gross output, 952 MW net output, planning completed |
Iran |
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Iran | Bushehr 2 | VVER-1000 | 1991 | - | 1000 MW gross output, 915 MW net output, in planning, start of construction July 30, 2012 |
Iran | Bushehr 3 | VVER-1000 | 1993 | - | 1000 MW gross output, 915 MW net output, in planning, start of construction July 30, 2013 |
Iran | Bushehr 4 | VVER-1000 | 1995 | 1998 | 1000 MW gross output, 915 MW net output, planning ended |
Iran | Darkhovain | Pressurized water reactor | 1998 | - | 330 MW gross output, 360 MW net output, in planning, construction will start on June 1st, 2015 |
Iran | Estehlal 1 | Pressurized water reactor | 1999 | 2010 | 300 MW gross output, 280 MW net output, planning completed |
Iran | Estehlal 2 | Pressurized water reactor | 1990 | 2005 | 300 MW gross output, 280 MW net output, planning completed |
Iran | Iran 7 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 01/01/1979 | 1303 MW gross output, 1237 MW net output, planning completed |
Iran | Iran 8 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 01/01/1979 | 1303 MW gross output, 1237 MW net output, planning completed |
Canada |
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Canada Ontario |
Bruce | 1000 MWe | - | - | should have up to four 1000 MW reactors |
Canada Ontario |
Darlington | 1000 MWe | - | - | should have up to four 1000 MW reactors |
Canada | Point Lepreau | ACR -1000 | - | - | a 1100 MWe ACR-1000 is to be built |
Canada Alberta |
Bruce | ACR-1000 | - | - | should either get a 1100 MW reactor or even up to four reactors |
Croatia |
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former Yugoslavia | Prevlaka | Pressurized water reactor | 1981 | 1986 | 1000 to 1200 MW output, planning discontinued |
Cuba |
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Cuba | Juraguá 3 | WWER-440/213 | 440 MW gross output, 408 MW net output, planning discontinued | ||
Cuba | Juraguá 4 | WWER-440/213 | 440 MW gross output, 408 MW net output, planning discontinued | ||
Libya |
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Libya | Sirt 1 | WWER-1000/419 | - | 1984 | 440 MW gross output, 408 MW net output, planning suspended |
Libya | Sirt 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 1984 | 440 MW gross output, 408 MW net output, planning ended |
Romania |
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Romania | Cernavoda-3 | CANDU with 706 MW gross output | Start of construction February 9, 1984, construction halt December 1, 1990, 2008 tender for further construction, 2011 withdrawal of the consortium | ||
Romania | Cernavoda-4 | CANDU with 706 MW gross output | Start of construction August 15, 1985, construction halt December 1, 1990, 2008 tender for further construction, 2011 withdrawal of the consortium | ||
Romania | Cernavoda-5 | CANDU with 706 MW gross output | Start of construction May 12, 1987, construction halt December 1, 1990, 2008 tender for further construction, 2011 withdrawal of the consortium | ||
Russia
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Russia | 7 units with two KLT-40S reactors with 35 MWe each; floating nuclear power plant | planned for the Gazprom offshore oil rig and for the Kola and Jamal peninsulas | |||
Russia | Leningrad II-2 | WWER 1160 MWe | Commissioning planned for October 2016; Replacement for RBMK | ||
Russia | Smolensk-4 | PWR 1000 MWe | 10/01/1984 | December 01, 1993 | |
Russia | Northwest-1 | SWR 300 MWe | |||
Russia | Northwest-2 | SWR 300 MWe | |||
Russia | Kola II-1 | VK 300 MWe | Commissioning planned for 2020 | ||
Russia | Rostov-3 | VVER-1200 MWe (AES 2006) | Commissioning planned for 2013/14 | ||
Russia | Rostov-4 | VVER-1200 MWe (AES 2006) | Commissioning planned for 2016 | ||
Russia | Tatarstan-1 | PWR 1200 MWe | Discontinued in 1993, re-proposed without date | ||
Russia | Tatarstan-2 | PWR 1200 MWe | Discontinued in 1993, re-proposed without date | ||
Russia | South Urals-1 | VVER-1200 MWe (AES 2006) | Commissioning planned for 2016, postponed | ||
Russia | South Urals-2 | VVER-1200 MWe (AES 2006) | Commissioning planned for 2019 | ||
Russia | Leningrad II-3 | VVER 1200 MWe | Commissioning planned by 2016; Replacement for RBMK | ||
Russia | Leningrad II-4 | VVER 1200 MWe | Commissioning planned by 2019; Replacement for RBMK | ||
Russia | Leningrad II-5 | VVER 1200 MWe | |||
Russia | Leningrad II-6 | VVER 1200 MWe | |||
Russia | Tatarians-3 | PWR 1000 MWe | Discontinued in 1993, re-proposed without date | ||
Russia | Beloyarsk-5 | BREST 300 MWe, BN-1200 MWe or BN-1800 MWe | Commissioning planned for 2020 | ||
Russia | Kostroma-1 | WPBER-600 with 630 MW | 07/19/1994 | 07/20/2000 | |
Russia | Kostroma-2 | WPBER-600 with 630 MW | 07/19/1994 | 07/20/2000 | |
Russia | Kostroma-3 | WPBER-600 with 630 MW | 07/19/1994 | 07/20/2000 | |
Russia | Kostroma-4 | WPBER-600 with 630 MW | 07/19/1994 | 07/20/2000 | |
Kaliningrad | Kaliningrad | VVER-1000 with 1000 MW gross output | 2008 | Commissioning planned for 2016 | |
Switzerland |
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Switzerland | dig | Boiling water reactor | - | 01/01/1989 | 1214 MW gross output, 1140 MW net output, planning ended |
Switzerland | Kaiseraugst | Boiling water reactor | - | 01/01/1989 | ? MW gross output, 1000 MW net output, planning ended |
Spain |
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Spain | Regodola | Pressurized water reactor | - | January 17, 1995 | 930 MW gross output, 900 MW net output, planning completed |
Spain | Sayago | Pressurized water reactor | - | 09/06/1996 | 1075 MW gross output, 1030 MW net output, planning ended |
Spain | Trillo 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 04/01/1984 | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Spain | Vandellòs 3 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 09/02/1995 | 1000 MW gross output, 900 MW net output, planning ended |
South Korea |
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South Korea | Sinuljin 1 | APR-1400 | - | - | 1400 MW gross output, 1340 MW net output, in planning |
South Korea | Sinuljin 2 | APR-1400 | - | - | 1400 MW gross output, 1340 MW net output, in planning |
Turkey |
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Turkey | Akkuyu | 2010 | - | 4800 MW, groundbreaking on April 14, 2015 | |
Ukraine |
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Ukraine | Crimea 2 | VVER-1000 | - | 2000 | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Ukraine | Crimea 3 | VVER-1000 | - | 2000 | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Ukraine | Crimea 4 | VVER-1000 | - | 2000 | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning ended |
Ukraine | Kharkiv 1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | - | 940 MW gross output, 900 MW net output, planning completed |
Ukraine | Kharkiv 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | - | 940 MW gross output, 900 MW net output, planning completed |
Ukraine | Odessa 1 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 1986 | 940 MW gross output, 900 MW net output, planning completed |
Ukraine | Odessa 2 | Pressurized water reactor | - | 1986 | 940 MW gross output, 900 MW net output, planning completed |
Ukraine | Rivne 5 | VVER-1000 | - | - | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning stopped |
Ukraine | Rivne 6 | VVER-1000 | - | - | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, planning stopped |
Hungary |
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Hungary | Paks 5 | VVER-1000 | - | - | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, plans discarded |
Hungary | Paks 6 | VVER-1000 | - | - | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, plans discarded |
Nuclear power plants without starting operations
Nuclear power plants that were partially built or completed but never went into operation are listed here.
country | Plant name | Type of plant | Construction loading beginning |
Mono- manipulated ung of construction |
Remarks |
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Germany |
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Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
Kalkar 1 | Breeder reactor with 327 gross or 300 MW net power | 1972 | 1985 | Planning from 1969; Completed 1985, no start of operation |
Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpom.) |
Greifswald 6 | WWER -440/213 with 440 MW gross or 408 MW net output | 1980 | 1990 | completed, no start of operation |
Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpom.) |
Greifswald 7 | WWER-440/213 with 440 MW gross or 408 MW net output | 1980 | 1990 | Construction canceled in 1990 |
Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpom.) |
Greifswald 8 | WWER-440/213 with 440 MW gross or 408 MW net output | 1980 | 1990 | Construction canceled in 1990 |
Germany (Saxony-Anhalt) |
Stendal 1 | WWER-1000/320 with 1000 MW gross or 950 MW net output | 1980 | 1991 | Construction canceled in 1991 |
Germany (Saxony-Anhalt) |
Stendal 2 | WWER-1000/320 with 1000 MW gross or 950 MW net output | 1980 | 1991 | Construction canceled in 1991 |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
Wyhl 1 (KWS) | PWR / convoy with 1345 MW gross output | 1975 | 1977 | Planning from 1973; Originally the intended location was Breisach. Construction canceled in 1977 - components used for Philippsburg 2 NPP |
Italy |
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Italy | CIRENE | HWLWR | 01/01/1979 | 01/01/1988 | 40 MW gross output, 35 MW net output, construction canceled |
Italy | Montalto di Castro 1 | Boiling water reactor | 07/01/1982 | 01/01/1988 | 1009 MW gross output, 982 MW net output, construction canceled |
Italy | Montalto di Castro 2 | Boiling water reactor | 07/01/1982 | 01/01/1988 | 1009 MW gross output, 982 MW net output, construction canceled |
Italy | Piermonte Trino 1 | Pressurized water reactor | 05/01/1985 | December 01, 1987 | ? MW gross output, 950 MW net output, construction canceled |
Italy | Piermonte Trino 2 | Pressurized water reactor | 05/01/1985 | December 01, 1987 | ? MW gross output, 950 MW net output, construction canceled |
Iraq |
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Iraq | Osirak | LWR / material test reactor (MTR) with 40 MW | 1977 | 1981 | Destroyed in 1981 by the Israeli Air Force before being put into operation |
North Korea |
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North Korea | T'aech'ŏn | Magnox reactor with 200 MW | 1990s | (1994) | the work may have been resumed, details are not known |
North Korea | S (h) inpo -1 | DWR with 1000 MW | 1997 | 2003 | Withdrawal of the last workers ended in January 2006 |
North Korea | S (h) inpo-2 | DWR with 1000 MW | 1997 | 2003 | Withdrawal of the last workers ended in January 2006 |
Cuba |
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Cuba | Juraguá 1 | WWER-440/213 | 10/01/1983 | 09/05/1992 | 440 MW gross output, 417 MW net output, construction canceled |
Cuba | Juraguá 2 | WWER-440/213 | 02/01/1985 | 09/05/1992 | 440 MW gross output, 417 MW net output, construction canceled |
Austria |
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Austria | Zwentendorf | SWR with 723 MW gross, 692 MW net | 1972 | 1978 | completed; Commissioning rejected by referendum in 1978 with 50.47% → Atomic Locking Act |
Philippines |
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Philippines | Bataan 1 | Pressurized water reactor | 07/01/1976 | 05/01/1986 | Completed, no start of operation, 680 MW gross output, 620 MW net output |
Poland |
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Poland | Żarnowiec-1 | WWER-440/213 with 465 MW gross output | 1982 | 1990 | Construction was stopped due to protests. |
Poland | Żarnowiec-2 | WWER-440/213 with 465 MW gross output | 1982 | 1990 | Construction was stopped due to protests. |
Poland | Żarnowiec-3 | WWER-440/213 with 465 MW gross output | 1982 | 1990 | Construction was stopped due to protests. |
Poland | Żarnowiec-4 | WWER-440/213 with 465 MW gross output | 1982 | 1990 | Construction was stopped due to protests. |
Russia |
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Russia | Kostroma-1 | RBMK-1500 with 1500 MW gross output | 1980 | entered | Construction was stopped due to protests |
Russia | Kostroma-2 | RBMK-1500 with 1500 MW gross output | 1980 | entered | Construction was stopped due to protests |
Russia | Voronezh-1 | AST-500 district heating reactor | 1983 | entered | Construction work stopped |
Russia | Voronezh-2 | AST-500 district heating reactor | 1983 | entered | Construction work stopped |
Russia | Gorky-1 | AST-500 district heating reactor | 1983 | entered | Construction work stopped |
Russia | Gorky-2 | AST-500 district heating reactor | 1983 | entered | Construction work stopped |
Spain |
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Spain | Lemóniz 1 | Pressurized water reactor | 03/14/1974 | 04/01/1984 | 930 MW gross output, 883 MW net output, construction canceled |
Spain | Lemóniz 2 | Pressurized water reactor | 03/14/1974 | 04/01/1984 | 930 MW gross output, 883 MW net output, construction canceled |
Spain | Valdecaballeros 1 | Boiling water reactor | 08/17/1979 | 04/01/1984 | 975 MW gross output, 939 MW net output, construction canceled |
Spain | Valdecaballeros 2 | Boiling water reactor | 08/17/1979 | 04/01/1984 | 975 MW gross output, 939 MW net output, construction canceled |
Czech Republic |
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Czech Republic | Temelín 3 | VVER-1000 | 01/01/1985 | 03/01/1990 | Construction canceled, 972 MW gross output, 892 MW net output, should be connected to the grid on November 1st, 1995 and start commercial operation on December 1st, 1995 |
Czech Republic | Temelín 4 | VVER-1000 | 01/01/1985 | 03/01/1990 | Construction canceled, 972 MW gross output, 892 MW net output, should go online on June 1st, 1997 and start commercial operations on June 1st, 1997 |
Ukraine |
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Ukraine | Chernobyl -5 | RBMK -1000 with 1000 MW gross output | 1981 | 1988 | was almost finished |
Ukraine | Chernobyl-6 | RBMK-1000 with 1000 MW gross output | 1983 | 1988 | was 50% complete |
Ukraine | South Ukraine 4 | VVER-1000 | 10/01/1987 | 01/01/1989 | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, construction canceled |
Ukraine | Crimea 1 | VVER-1000 | December 01, 1982 | 01/01/1989 | 1000 MW gross output, 950 MW net output, construction canceled |
Research reactors
Research reactors are not used to generate electricity , but are mainly used for research purposes (nuclear and material research, isotope production for medicine and technology).
The following list contains a complete overview for Germany, Austria and Switzerland. For other countries only a few selected reactors are listed.
In June 2004, 274 research reactors with a total of 3000 MWt were in operation in 56 countries. Russia has the most research reactors, followed by the USA, Japan, France, Germany and China.
country | Plant name | Type of plant | Status of the plant | construction commencing |
Germany Operation- takeover |
Switching off processing (planned) |
Remarks |
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Algeria |
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Algeria | Birine El Salam | HWR | In operation | 01/01/1988 | 02/17/1992 | 15,000 kWt | |
Algeria | JUST | swimming pool | In operation | 01/01/1987 | March 24, 1989 | 1,000 kWt | |
Australia |
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Australia | CF | critical arrangement | Shut down | 03/01/1973 | 09/01/1975 | Owner: Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organization ; Operator: Lucas Heights Science & Technology Center | |
Australia | HIFAR | HWR | Switched off | 06/01/1956 | 01/26/1958 | 01/30/2007 | 10,000 kWt; Owner: Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organization; Operator: Lucas Heights Science & Technology Center |
Australia | MOATA | Argonaut | Switched off | 11/01/1960 | 04/01/1961 | 05/01/1998 | 100 kWt; Owner: Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organization; Operator: Lucas Heights Science & Technology Center |
Australia | OPAL | Experimental | In operation | 08/12/2006 | 20,000 kWt; Owner: ANSTO; Operator: Lucas Heights Science & Technology Center | ||
Bangladesh |
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Bangladesh | TRIGA MARK II | TRIGA MARK II | In operation | 05/01/1981 | 09/14/1986 | 3,000 kWt; Operator: Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar; Owner: Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission | |
Denmark |
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Denmark | Risø DR 1 | Shut down | |||||
Denmark | Risø DR 2 | Shut down | |||||
Denmark | Risø DR 3 | DIDO | Shut down | ||||
Germany |
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Germany (Bavaria) |
PR-10 | Argonaut | Shut down | 10/01/1959 | 01/27/1961 | 01/01/1976 | 0.18 kWt; AEG test reactor, owner and operator: Kraftwerk Union |
Germany (Saxony) |
RRR | Argonaut | Shut down | 01/01/1961 | December 16, 1962 | 09/25/1991 | 1 kWt; Operator: VKTA - Radiation Protection, Analytics & Disposal ; Owner: State of Saxony |
Germany (Bavaria) |
SAR | Argonaut | Shut down | 06/23/1959 | 10/31/1968 | 1 kWt; Owner and operator: Technical University of Munich | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
STRONG | Argonaut | Shut down | 10/01/1961 | 01/11/1963 | 03.1976 | 0.01 kWt; Owner: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH |
Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) |
ANEX | critical arrangement | Shut down | 05.1964 | 02/05/1975 | 0.10 kWt; Owner and operator: GKSS research center | |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
KAHTER | critical arrangement | Shut down | 04/01/1971 | 07/02/1973 | 02/03/1984 | 0.10 kWt; Owner: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
KEITER | critical arrangement | Shut down | 02/01/1970 | 06/15/1971 | 1982 | 0.001 kWt; Owner: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
FRJ-2 (DIDO) | HWR | Switched off | 01/01/1957 | 11/14/1962 | 05/02/2006 | 23,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH |
Germany (Hessen) |
FRF -1 | homogeneous (L) / L-54 (L) | Shut down | 01/10/1958 | 03/19/1968 | 10 kWt; Owner and operator: Johann Wolfgang Goethe University (Frankfurt am Main) | |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
ADIBKA (L77A) | homogeneous (L) | Dismantled | 06/06/1965 | 03/18/1967 | 10/30/1972 | 0.10 kWt; Owner: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Operator: Hoch Temperatur-Reaktorbau GmbH |
Germany (Berlin) |
BER I | homogeneous (L) / L-54 (L) | Shut down | 05/25/1957 | 07/24/1958 | 02.12.1972 | 50 kWt; Owner: Hahn Meitner Institute Berlin |
Germany (Saxony) |
AKR -1 | homogeneous (S) / SUR type | was converted to the AKR-2 in 2004 | 09/01/1975 | 07/28/1978 | 03.2004 | 0.002 kWt; Owner: Technical University of Dresden ; Operator: Technical University of Dresden - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; Training reactor |
Germany (Saxony) |
AKR -2 | homogeneous (S) / SUR type | In operation | 03/22/2005 | 0.002 kWt; Owner: Technical University of Dresden ; Operator: Technical University of Dresden - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; Training reactor (AKR-1 was converted to AKR-2 in 2004) | ||
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
SNEAK | homogeneous (S) | Shut down | 01/01/1966 | December 15, 1966 | 11.1985 | 1 kWt Owner and operator: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
SUR AACHEN | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 11/26/1963 | 09/22/1965 | 2002 | 0.1 W; Owner and operator: Institute for Electrical Systems and Energy Economics ; Training reactor |
Germany (Berlin) |
SUR BERLIN | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Switched off | 01/01/1962 | 07/26/1963 | 10/15/2007 | 0.1 W; Owner: Technical University of Berlin ; Operator: Institute for Energy Technology; Training reactor |
Germany (Bremen) |
SUR BREMEN | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 09/30/1965 | 10/10/1967 | 06/17/1993 | 0.1 W; Owner: University of Bremen ; Operator: Nuclear Technology Section; Training reactor |
Germany (Hessen) |
SUR DARMSTADT | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 01/01/1962 | 23.09.1963 | 02/22/1985 | Owner and operator: Technische Hochschule Darmstadt ; Training reactor |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
SUR FURTWANGEN | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | In operation | 01/01/1972 | 03/28/1973 | 0.1 W; Owner and operator: Furtwangen University ; Training reactor | |
Germany (Hamburg) |
SUR HAMBURG | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 01/01/1964 | January 15, 1965 | 08.1992 | 0.1 W; Owner: Hamburg University of Applied Sciences ; Operator: Department of Mechanical Engineering; Training reactor |
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
SUR HANOVER | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | In operation | 10/01/1971 | December 9, 1971 | 0.1 W; Owner: Hannover Medical School ; Operator: Institute for Nuclear Technology; Training reactor | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
SUR KARLSRUHE | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 01/01/1965 | 07.03.1966 | 11/25/1996 | 0.1 W; Owner: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH; Operator: Advanced training center for technology and the environment; Training reactor |
Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) |
SUR KIEL | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 04/01/1965 | March 29, 1966 | 12/11/1997 | 0.1 W; Owner: State of Schleswig-Holstein; Operator: Kiel University of Applied Sciences ; Training reactor |
Germany (Bavaria) |
SUR MUNICH | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | Shut down | 10/01/1961 | 02/28/1962 | 08/10/1981 | 0.1 W; Owner: Technical University of Munich ; Training reactor |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
SUR STUTTGART | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | In operation | 01/01/1962 | 08/24/1964 | 0.1 W; Owner: University of Stuttgart ; Operator: Institute for Nuclear Energy and Energy Systems; Training reactor | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
SUR ULM | homogeneous (S) / SUR-100 | In operation | 01/01/1965 | December 01, 1965 | 0.1 W; Owner: Laboratory for steel measurement technology and reactor technology; Operator: Ulm University of Applied Sciences ; Training reactor | |
Germany (Berlin) |
BER II | Swimming pool / MTR | In operation | 10/10/1970 | December 9, 1973 | (01/01/2020) | 10,000 kWt; Owner: Helmholtz Center Berlin for Materials and Energy GmbH |
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
FMRB | Swimming pool / MTR | Switched off | 10/01/1963 | 10/03/1967 | December 19, 1995 | 1,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt |
Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) |
FRG -1 | Swimming pool / MTR | Switched off | 01/01/1957 | 10/23/1958 | 06/28/2010 | 5,000 kWt; Owner and operator: GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH |
Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) |
FRG -2 | Swimming pool / MTR | Switched off | 01/01/1962 | 16.03.1963x | 01/28/1993 | 15,000 kWt; Owner and operator: GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH |
Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) |
FRJ-1 (MERLIN) | Swimming pool / MTR | Shut down | 01/01/1957 | 02/23/1962 | March 22, 1985 | ! 10 MWt; Owner and operator: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH |
Germany (Bavaria) |
FRM | Swimming pool / MTR | Switched off | 11/06/1956 | 10/31/1957 | 07/28/2000 | 4,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Technical University of Munich |
Germany (Bavaria) |
FRM II | Swimming pool / HWR | In operation | 08/01/1996 | 03/02/2004 | 20,000 kWt; Owner: State of Bavaria; Operator: Technical University of Munich | |
Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) |
NS Otto Hahn | DWR | Shut down | 01/01/1963 | 08/26/1968 | March 22, 1979 | 38,000 kWt; Prototype reactor (ship reactor) |
Germany (Bavaria) |
TKA | Tank / critical arrangement | Shut down | 01/01/1967 | 06/23/1967 | 01/01/1973 | 0.10 kWt; AEG zero energy reactor, owner and operator: Kraftwerk Union |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
FR 2 | HWR | Switched off | 02/01/1957 | 07.03.1961 | December 21, 1981 | 44,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH |
Germany (Saxony) |
RAKE | TANK / critical arrangement | Shut down | 01/01/1969 | 10/03/1969 | 11/26/1991 | 0.01 kWt; Operator: VKTA - Radiation Protection, Analytics & Disposal; Owner: Free State of Saxony |
Germany (Saxony) |
ZLFR | TANK / HWR | Shut down | 01/01/1976 | May 25, 1979 | 03/24/2005 | 0.01 kWt; Owner and operator: University of Zittau / Görlitz ; Training reactor |
Germany (Saxony) |
RFR | LWR | Switched off | 01/01/1956 | December 16, 1957 | 06/27/1991 | 10,000 kWt; Operator: VKTA - Radiation Protection, Analytics & Disposal; Owner: State of Saxony |
Germany (Hessen) |
FRF -2 | TRIGA CONV | Shut down | 01/01/1973 | - | 01/01/1983 | 1,000 kWt; Owner: Johann Wolfgang Goethe University (Frankfurt am Main) |
Germany (Lower Saxony) |
FRH | TRIGA MARK I | Shut down | 01/02/1969 | January 31, 1973 | 12/18/1996 | 250 kWt; Owner: Clinic for Nuclear Medicine; Operator: Hannover Medical School |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
TRIGA HD I. | TRIGA MARK I | Shut down | August 26, 1966 | March 31, 1977 | 250 kWt; Owner and operator: German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg | |
Germany (Baden-Württemberg) |
TRIGA HD II | TRIGA MARK I | Shut down | 01/01/1968 | 02/28/1978 | 11/30/1999 | 250 kWt; Owner and operator: German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg |
Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) |
FRMZ | TRIGA MARK II | In operation | 02/27/1961 | 08/03/1965 | 100 kWt; Owner: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz ; Operator: Institute for Nuclear Chemistry | |
Germany (Bavaria) |
FRN | TRIGA MARK III | Switched off | 01/01/1969 | 08/23/1972 | December 16, 1982 | 1,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Society for Radiation Research |
France |
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France | G1 | Magnox reactor | Shut down | 1955 | 1956 | 1968 | 7 MW; Project started in 1952 |
Ghana |
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Ghana | GHARR-1 | MNSR | in operation | 1994 | Owner: Ghana Atomic Energy Commission | ||
Greece |
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Greece | GGR-1 | swimming pool | in operation | July 27, 1961 | Owner: Institute for Nuclear Research NCSR Demokritos 1 MW; 5MW since 1971 |
||
India |
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India | ASPARA | swimming pool | In operation | 05/01/1955 | 08/04/1956 | 1 MWt; Owner: Bhabha Atomic Research Center; Operator: BARC, Reactor Operations Division | |
India | CIRUS | HEAVY WATER | In operation | December 01, 1955 | 07/10/1960 | 40 MWt; Owner: Bhabha Atomic Research Center; Operator: BARC, Reactor Operations Division | |
India | CRIT. FACILITY FOR AHWR AND 500 MW PHWR | TANK | Under construction | 07/01/2001 | 10/01/2003 | 500 MWe (gross); Owner: Department of Atomic Energy; Operator: Reactor Group, BARC | |
India | DHRUVA | HEAVY WATER | In operation | 10/10/1975 | 08/08/1985 | 100 MWt; Owner: Bhabha Atomic Research Center; Operator: BARC, Reactor Operations Division | |
India | FBTR | Fast breeder reactor | In operation | 01/01/1972 | October 18, 1985 | 40 MWt; Owner: Department of Atomic Energy; Operator: Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research | |
India | CHIMNEY | U-233 FUELED | In operation | 01/01/1986 | 10/29/1996 | 30 kWt; Owner: Department of Atomic Energy; Operator: Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research | |
India | PURNIMA | critical arrangement / FAST | Shut down | 10/10/1970 | 05/01/1972 | 01/01/1983 | Owner: Department of Atomic Energy; Operator: Bhabha Atomic Research Center |
India | PRUNIMA II | critical arrangement / HOMOG (L) | Shut down | 01/01/1983 | 05/10/1984 | 06/15/1986 | 0.01 kWt; Owner: Department of Atomic Energy; Operator: Bhabha Atomic Research Center |
India | PRUNIMA III | critical arrangement / SLOWPOKE | Shut down | 01/01/1986 | 09/11/1990 | 07/31/1993 | 0.001 kWt; Owner: Bhabha Atomic Research Center; Operator: Neutron Physics Division |
India | ZERLINA | critical arrangement / TANK | Shut down | 05/01/1960 | 01/01/1961 | 01/01/1983 | 0.1 kWt; Owner: Bhabha Atomic Research Center; Operator: BARC, Reactor Operations Division |
Israel |
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Israel | Nuclear Research Center Negev | between 1962 and 1964 | |||||
Congo ( Democratic Republic of the Congo ) |
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Democratic Republic of Congo | University of Lovanium (today University of Kinshasa ) (Center Trico) - TRICO I and TRICO II in Lubumbashi (type TRIGA Mark II) | ? | temporarily shut down | 1958 | 2004 | 1000 kWt | |
North Korea |
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North Korea | Nyŏngbyŏn nuclear facility | IRT-2000 or IRT-2M | 1967 | 2 MW | |||
North Korea | Nyŏngbyŏn nuclear facility | 1974 | 5 MW | ||||
North Korea | Nyŏngbyŏn nuclear facility | Experimental Power Reactor | Status unclear | 1985 | 25 MWt | ||
North Korea | Nyŏngbyŏn nuclear facility | prototype | Status unclear | 200 MWt (50 MWe) | |||
Austria |
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Austria | ASTRA | swimming pool | Switched off | 09/01/1958 | 09/24/1960 | 07/29/1999 | 10,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Austrian Research Centers GmbH - ARC |
Austria | SAR-GRAZ | Argonaut | Switched off | 03/10/1962 | 05/17/1965 | 2005 | 10 kWt; Owner and operator: Association for the Promotion of Radiation Research; Training reactor |
Austria | TRIGA II VIENNA | TRIGA MARK II | In operation | 08/27/1959 | 07.03.1962 | 250 kWt; Owner and operator: Atominstitut of the Technical University of Vienna | |
Poland |
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Poland | Research reactor Ewa | Shut down | 01/01/1955 | 06/14/1958 | 02/24/1995 | Output was increased from 2 MW to 10 MW | |
Poland | Research reactor Maria | Swimming pool reactor | In operation | 01/01/1969 | December 18, 1974 | 30 MW thermal output, only runs at 20 MW | |
Poland | Research reactor Anna | Shut down | 1963 | ~ 1985 | 10 kW thermal power | ||
Poland | Agata research reactor | Shut down | 1973 | ~ 1985 | 10 W thermal power | ||
Poland | Maryla research reactor | Shut down | 1963 | ~ 1985 | 100 W thermal power | ||
Russia |
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Russia | SM | PRESS. VESSEL | In operation | 01/01/1956 | 01/10/1961 | 100 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: Research Institute for Nuclear Reactors | |
Russia | ARBUS (ACT-1) | TANK | Shut down | 01/01/1963 | 01/01/1963 | 05/01/1988 | 12 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: FSUE SSC RF RIAR |
Russia | VK-50 | BWR prototype | In operation | 11/15/1965 | 07/01/1965 | 200 MWt; 62 MW net power; 65 MW gross output; In the past, it fed electricity into the public grid, now it is a district heating reactor (boiling water reactor) | |
Russia | MIR.M1 | Swimming pool / channels | In operation | 01/01/1958 | December 01, 1966 | 100 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: Research Institute for Nuclear Reactors | |
Russia | BOR-60 | Breeder | In operation | 07/01/1965 | December 01, 1969 | 10 MW net power; 12 MW gross output; 60 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: Research Institute for Nuclear Reactors | |
Russia | RBT-6 | swimming pool | In operation | 10/10/1970 | 01/10/1975 | 6 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: Research Institute for Nuclear Reactors | |
Russia | RBT-10/1 | swimming pool | Switched off | 07/01/1982 | December 01, 1983 | 03/01/1994 | 10 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: FSUE SSC RF RIAR |
Russia | RBT 10/2 | swimming pool | In operation | 06/01/1983 | December 01, 1984 | 7 MWt; Owner: Ministry of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Operator: Research Institute for Nuclear Reactors | |
Switzerland |
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Switzerland | AGN-201-P | HOMOG (S) | shut down | 05/01/1958 | 06/01/1958 | 01/01/1987 | Owner and operator: University of Geneva ; Training reactor |
Switzerland | AGN-211-P | HOMOG (S) | shut down | 04/30/1959 | 08/01/1959 | 2013 | 2 kWt; Owner: University of Basel ; Operator: Institute for Physics; Training reactor |
Switzerland | CROCUS | critical arrangement | In operation | 01/01/1979 | 07/13/1983 | 0.10 kWt; Owner: Laboratory for Reactor Physics; Operator: École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne ; Training reactor | |
Switzerland | DIORITE | HWR | switched off | 01/01/1957 | 10/10/1960 | 07/07/1977 | 30,000 kWt; Owner and operator: Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) |
Switzerland | PROTEUS | unload | shut down | 06/01/1965 | 01/01/1968 | 04.2011 | 1 kWt; Owner and operator: Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) |
Switzerland | SAPPHIRE | swimming pool | switched off | 05/01/1956 | 04/30/1957 | 05/13/1994 | 10,000 kWt; Owner: Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI); Operator: Saphir Division, Paul Scherrer Institute |
Switzerland | Lucens | shut down | 01/29/1968 | 1969 accident | After problems with the cooling system, there was a partial core meltdown on January 21, 1969 | ||
Thailand |
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Thailand (Bangkok) | Office of Atoms for Peace | TRIGA | 1977 | 2 MW | |||
Thailand | MPR 10, Ongkharak Nuclear Research Center | TRIGA | under construction | 2 MW | |||
Czech Republic |
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Czech Republic | VVR-S | was converted to the LVR-15 | 1955 | 09/24/1957 | Owner: Institute of Nuclear Physics ČSAV in Řež | ||
Czech Republic | Experimentální lehkovodní reactor ŠR-0A | was converted to the ŠR-0 in 1975 | 1970 | 1975 | Owner and manufacturer: Škoda ( Vochov ) | ||
Czech Republic | Experimentální těžkovodní podkritický reactor ŠR-0B | Shut down | 1971 | 1978 | Manufacturer: Škoda , Owner: Czech Technical University Prague | ||
Czech Republic | Velký kritický těžkovodní experimentální reactor TR-0 | was converted to the LR-0 in 1980 | 1972 | 06/21/1972 | 1979 | Manufacturer: Škoda , owner: ÚJV Řež | |
Czech Republic | Experimentální lehkovodní reactor ŠR-0 | Shut down | 1975 | 1989 | Owner and manufacturer: Škoda (Vochov) | ||
Czech Republic | LR-0 | critical arrangement | In operation | 1982 | December 19, 1982 | Owner: ÚJV Řež | |
Czech Republic | Experimentální lehkovodní výzkumný reactor LVR-15 | In operation | 1989 | Manufacturer: Škoda , owner: ÚJV Řež | |||
Czech Republic | VR 1 - VRABEC | swimming pool | In operation | 01/01/1992 | Manufacturer: Škoda , Owner: Czech Technical University Prague , Operator: Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering |
Source: Research Reactor Database (RRDB) of the IAEA
Interim storage
The following list shows the closed and planned interim storage facilities for radioactive waste in operation .
A temporary storage referred to in the core technology a temporary holding facility for spent nuclear fuel and / or radioactive wastes .
country | Plant name | Type of radioactive material (weak, medium, highly radioactive) | Installation | Cessation of operations | Remarks |
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Argentina |
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Argentina | Atucha | ||||
Argentina | Embalse | ||||
Bulgaria |
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Bulgaria | Kozloduy | ||||
Bulgaria | Belene | ||||
Germany |
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Germany | Grafenrheinfeld | 2006 | |||
Germany | Gorleben | See also Gorleben waste storage facility , Gorleben nuclear waste storage facility | |||
Germany | Ahaus | Interim storage facility for spent fuel elements | |||
Germany | Greifswald | 1999 | |||
Germany | Lingen | ||||
Germany | Mitterteich | weak and medium radioactive | 1985 | ||
Germany | Würgassen | weak and medium radioactive | |||
Austria |
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Austria | Seibersdorf - NES | weakly radioactive | 1958-60 | all radioactive substances occurring in Austria, only low radioactive categories due to the nuclear phase-out ; Operator: Rep. Austria / Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT); also reference laboratory of the Int. Atomic Energy Organization (UN / IEAO) | |
Switzerland |
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Switzerland | Zwilag | all categories of radioactive waste including spent fuel elements | |||
Spain |
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Spain | Villar de Cañas | unknown (December 31, 2011) | Location decision in December 2011 | ||
Czech Republic |
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Czech Republic | Dukovany | spent fuel | Transport container store for 60 CASTOR 440/84 containers, full on March 8, 2006. A second transport cask store for 133 CASTOR-440 / 84M casks has been in test operation since December 22nd, 2006. | ||
Czech Republic | Temelín | spent fuel | in planning, transport container storage |
Repository
The following list shows the closed and planned repositories for radioactive waste that are in operation.
The repository is characterized by the fact that there is no need to monitor, control or repair the repository. To date, there is still no repository for high-level radioactive waste anywhere in the world.
country | Plant name | Type of radioactive material (weak, medium, highly radioactive) | Remarks |
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Egypt |
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Egypt | Inshas | ||
Argentina |
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Argentina | Sierra del Medio | planned, exploration work since 1986; Project postponed until 2030 | |
Brazil |
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Brazil | Abadia de Goiás | planned | |
Bulgaria |
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Bulgaria | Nowi Chan | low level radioactive waste | Storage at a depth of 6 m; Origin: industry, medicine and research |
People's Republic of China |
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China | Chanwan Bay | planned | |
China | Gansu | planned | |
Germany |
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Germany | Gorleben | is being explored | |
Germany | Konrad shaft | Operating license granted for low and medium level radioactive, non-heat producing waste | |
Germany | Morsleben | shut down; By 1998 37,000 m³ of radioactive waste had been stored | |
Germany | Aces | low and medium level radioactive waste | shut down; Closure until 2017; 1967-1978 125,000 containers with low-level radioactive waste; 1972-1977 around 1300 barrels with medium-level radioactive waste |
Finland |
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Finland | Loviisa | low and medium level radioactive waste | Storage at a depth of 120 m; Start of operation May 1997 |
Finland | Olkiluoto | low and medium level radioactive waste; Start of operation May 1992 | |
France |
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France | Bure (rock laboratory) | medium and high level radioactive waste | planned |
France | Center de l'Aube | Low-level radioactive and short-lived medium-level radioactive waste | Start of operation in 1992 |
France | Center de la Manche | low and medium level radioactive waste | shut down; Storage of 526,650 m³ in the period 1969-1994 |
Great Britain |
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Great Britain | Drigg | low level radioactive waste | Operation from 1959 until at least 2050 |
Great Britain | Sellafield repository | Planning from 1991 by Nirex ; Planning discontinued in March 1997 | |
India |
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India | Kakrapar | ||
India | Kalpakkam | ||
India | Narora | ||
India | Rajasthan | ||
India | Tarapur | ||
India | Trombay | ||
Japan |
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Japan | Rokkasho | low level radioactive waste | Start of operation in 1992 |
Nauru |
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Nauru | planned; exact location is still being checked | ||
Norway |
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Norway | Himdalen | ||
Sweden |
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Sweden | SFR Forsmark | low and medium level radioactive waste | Start of operation in 1988 |
Sweden | Oskarshamn nuclear power plant | central interim storage facility for spent fuel elements from all Swedish reactors | |
Switzerland |
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Switzerland | Benken | highly radioactive and long-lived medium-level radioactive waste | planned as a deep repository. Repository prohibited by law. |
Spain |
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Spain | El Cabril | low level radioactive waste | |
Czech Republic |
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Czech Republic | Beroun -Hostim | Operation from 1959 to 1964, closed | |
Czech Republic | Bratrství | Start of operation in 1972 | |
Czech Republic | Dukovany | low and medium level radioactive waste | |
Czech Republic | Richard | Start of operation in 1964; lies at a depth of 70–90 m | |
Hungary |
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Hungary | Püspökszilágy | Start of operation in 1976; The facility only serves as an interim storage facility | |
United States |
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United States | Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) | Transuranium waste | Start of operation March 1999 |
United States | Yucca Mountain | spent fuel and high level radioactive waste | planned |
Enrichment plants
The following list shows the currently operating, closed and planned uranium enrichment plants . However, the table currently only contains the most important existing plants (with capacities over 100 t UTA / a):
country | investment | operator | Procedure | t UTA / year current |
t UTA / year of final expansion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
China | Lanchow | CNNC | diffusion | about 700 | |
China | Hanchong | CNNC | centrifuge | 200 | |
Germany | Gronau | Urenco | centrifuge | 3,200 | 4,500 |
France | Tricastin | Eurodif | diffusion | 10,800 | |
Great Britain | Capenhurst | Urenco | centrifuge | 4,200 | |
Japan | Rokkasho | JNFL | centrifuge | 1,050 | 1,500 |
Netherlands | Almelo | Urenco | centrifuge | 3,600 | |
Russia | Ekaterinburg | Techsnabexport | centrifuge | 10,000 | |
Russia | Krasnoyarsk | Andrei Rosenskow | centrifuge | 2,500 | |
Russia | Rostov on Don | Techsnabexport | centrifuge | 1,400 | |
Russia | Angarsk | Techsnabexport | centrifuge | 1,400 | |
Russia | Tomsk | Techsnabexport | centrifuge | 5,700 | |
United States | Paducah | USEC | diffusion | 11,300 | |
United States | Eunice (New Mexico) | LES (Urenco) | centrifuge | 0 | 5,900 |
total | 56,050 |
Reprocessing plants
The following list shows the closed and planned reprocessing plants for fuel assemblies that are in operation .
country | Plant name | status | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
Belgium |
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Belgium / Mol | Eurochemic | 1967-1974 | Dismantling of the facility in 1991 |
Germany |
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Germany | Karlsruhe reprocessing plant | 1971–1990, closed | Pilot plant for the Wackersdorf reprocessing plant; Dismantling to a " green field " in 2023 |
Germany | Wackersdorf reprocessing plant | Construction 1985–1989, not completed | The construction was prevented by protests by many opponents of nuclear power. The Wackersdorf Innovation Park is now located on the site |
France |
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France | La Hague - UP2-800 / La Hague | Processing of French fuel elements | |
France | La Hague - UP3 / La Hague | Reprocessing of spent LWR fuel assemblies from foreign customers | |
France | UP1 / Marcoule | Closed in 1997 | Processing of Magnox fuel elements |
Great Britain |
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Great Britain | Dounreay | ||
Great Britain | Sellafield - B205 | until 1981 under the name Windscale; Processing fuel elements from Magnox reactors | |
Great Britain | Sellafield - THORP | until 1981 under the name Windscale; Processing of fuel assemblies from thermal reactors (light water reactors, EGR reactors) | |
India |
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India | Trombay | Start of operation in 1964 | Processing research reactor fuel |
India | Tarapur | Processing of fuel elements from power reactors | |
India | Kalpakkam | Start of operation 1997 | |
Japan |
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Japan | Tōkai | Start of operation in 1977 | |
Japan | Rokkasho | commercial operation should start in July 2006, postponed to 2010 | |
North Korea |
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North Korea | Nyŏngbyŏn | ||
Russia |
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Russia | RT-1 Tomsk | ||
Russia | RT-2 Zheleznogorsk | ||
Russia | Mayak | serious nuclear accident 1957 (INES-6), see: Kyschtym accident | |
United States |
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United States | Savannah River Site | military plant; additionally reprocessing of fuel elements from research reactors | |
United States | Hanford Site | shut down in 1990 | Reprocessing plants for military purposes |
United States | Idaho | shut down in 1992 | Reprocessing plants for military purposes |
United States | Morris | completed, no start of operation | |
United States | West Valley | 1966-1971 | |
United States | Barnwell | completed, no start of operation |
Reactor types
- Argonaut : An Argonaut is a special type of training reactor.
- AST-500 : a Russian nuclear reactor for heat generation and supply.
- BHWR : Combination of CANDU and boiling water reactor
- CANDU : Canadian heavy water - pressure tube reactor
- PWR = pressurized water reactor: In a pressurized water reactor, the water in the primary circuit, which is used as a coolant, is under increased pressure.
- European pressurized water reactor (EPR) : Type of nuclear reactor based on a pressurized water reactor
- HDR = superheated steam boiling water reactor: A boiling water reactor with integrated nuclear superheating.
- homogeneous : A reactor in which the fuel is present as a mixture with moderator or coolant.
- HTR = high-temperature reactor: In the high-temperature reactor, the reactor core is cooled with the noble gas helium, which is heated when it flows through the ball bed (bed of spherical fuel elements).
- HWR : A type of reactor that uses heavy water as a coolant and moderator.
- HWCR = heavy water - pressure tubular reactor : the heavy water moderated pressure tube reactor moderated by heavy water. The fuel assemblies are located within numerous tubes in which the coolant (heavy water or carbon dioxide (CO 2 )) circulates.
- KLT-40 : pressurized water reactor for ships
- Convoy : A certain standardized design of pressurized water reactors. Reactors built in this way meet one of the world's highest safety standards for nuclear power plants.
- LWR = light water reactor: generic term for PWR and BWR in which so-called light water is used as a coolant and moderator.
- Magnox reactor : Magnesium Alloy Graphite Moderated Gas Cooled Uranium Oxide Reactor
- MTR : A material test reactor with a very compact reactor core in order to achieve the greatest possible neutron flux density.
- Swimming pool : The fuel elements are immersed in an open water basin so that interventions and experiments for research purposes and training are possible.
- RBMK : A pressure tube reactor cooled with light water and moderated with graphitewith individual channels of Russian design.
- SNR = fast sodium-cooled breeder reactor: Nuclear fission takes place with fast, unbraked neutrons.
- SUR = Siemens teaching reactor : The research reactors used for teaching purposesactually have no temperature increaseeven in the crevice zone due to their low power, which is why systems for heat dissipation are unnecessary.
- BWR = boiling water reactor: In a boiling water reactor, the coolant water in the reactor is converted into steam and used to drive the turbine directly.
- TRIGA : A swimming pool-type research reactor in which safety is guaranteed by the laws of nature and not by engineering measures that could be bridged.
- VVER : A pressurized water reactor of Russian design.
See also
- List of nuclear reactors in Germany | in Austria | in Switzerland
- List of nuclear power plants
- List of accidents in nuclear facilities
- List of accidents in European nuclear facilities
Web links
- Nuclear power plants worldwide - outputs, shares, etc.
- Maps of all nuclear power plants worldwide
- IAEA Power Reactor Information System
- 168 pictures of nuclear power plants from Germany and around the world .
swell
- ↑ El Dabaa 1 nuclear power plant at the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b c Egypt MOEE - El Dabaa Nuclear Power Plant ( Memento of the original dated November 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ El Dabaa 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Hongshiding 1 nuclear power plant on the IAEA PRIS
- ↑ Hongshiding 2 nuclear power plant on the PRIS of the IAEA
- ↑ BASF-1 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Biblis C nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Biblis D nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Borken nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Emden nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Hamm nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Nuclear power plant SNR-2 in the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ the location initially planned from 1972 was Breisach am Oberrhein / Kaiserstuhl : on July 19, 1973 u. A. announced the new Wyhl location via radio
- ↑ freidok.uni-freiburg.de: The resistance against the Wyhl nuclear power plant (pdf; 3.6 MB)
- ↑ a b c d PLOGOFF - BONNES FEUILLES . In: La Gazette Nucléaire N. 35/36 . March / April 1980. Retrieved July 21, 2008.
- ↑ Kaiga 5 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Kaiga 6 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http : // oil Genealogie / Alternative- Energy / Nuclear- Power / Indias- Kudankulam- Nuclear- Power- Plant- Caveat- Emptor.html
- ↑ Rajasthan 7 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Rajasthan 8 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lombardia 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lombardia 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Puglia 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Puglia 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Termoli 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Termoli 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Buschehr 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Buschehr 3 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Buschehr 4 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Darkhovain nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from February 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Estehlal 1 nuclear power plant at the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Estehlal 2 nuclear power plant at the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Iran 7 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Iran 8 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b c d WNA Information Paper Canada
- ↑ Juraguá 3 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Juraguá 4 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Libya 1 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Libya 2 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Cernavodă-3 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Cernavodă-4 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Cernavodă-5 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf45.html#Extending_nuclear_capacity Russia's projects on world-nuclear.org (English)
- ↑ http://de.rian.ru/business/20080416/105225155.html
- ↑ Graben nuclear power plant on the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Kaiseraugst nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Regodola nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento of November 24, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Sayago nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Trillo 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Vandellos 3 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Shin-Ulchin nuclear power plant 1
- ↑ a b WNA Information Paper Korea
- ↑ Shin-Ulchin nuclear power plant 2
- ↑ www.atomstroyexport.ru/project/eng/38 (English) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Crimea 2 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from July 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Crimea 3 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from July 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Crimea 4 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from July 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Kharkov 1 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Kharkov 2 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Odessa 1 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Odessa 2 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Rivne 5 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Rivne 6 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Paks 5 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Paks 6 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ CIRENE nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Montalto di Castro 1 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from September 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Montalto di Castro 2 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Piermonte Trino 1 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Piermonte Trino 2 nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Reactor Database of the WNA
- ↑ Juraguá 1 nuclear power plant at the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Juraguá 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Zwentendorf nuclear power plant in the IAEA's PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Bataan 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lemoniz 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Lemoniz 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Valdecaballeros 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from November 27, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Valdecaballeros 2 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Temelin 3 nuclear power plant in the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ Temelin 3 nuclear power plant in the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ↑ South Ukraine nuclear power plant 4 at the PRIS of the IAEA ( Memento from June 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Crimea 1 nuclear power plant at the IAEA PRIS ( Memento from July 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ IAEA Research Reactors Worldwide October 2004
- ↑ www.iaea.org Research Reactors in Africa - page 2 table 1 (PDF). Accessed August 7, 2015.
- ^ A b WNA Report "Iraq, North Korea & Iran - Implications for Safeguards also South Africa, Israel and Libya" February 2007
- ↑ Research Reactor Database ( English ) IAEA. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
- ↑ lgr / dpa / AFP : Radiant prospects - Spanish village celebrates the construction of a nuclear waste storage facility . In: spiegel.de, Economy, State & Social Affairs , December 30, 2011 (December 31, 2011)
- ↑ Information Group on Nuclear Energy: The final storage of radioactive waste in Germany . Brandt GmbH printing company; Berlin July 2004. Page 5.
- ↑ URENCO Germany. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 10, 2011 ; accessed on June 14, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Urenco-UK-Capenhurst ( Memento of the original from January 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Urenco NL Almelo ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.