Core gap flute

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Schematic longitudinal section of a recorder head with block (A), core gap or wind tunnel (B) and cutting edge (C).
Javanese Suling made of bamboo, an outer core gap flute, also band flute (English ring flute ). The outer wind tunnel and the cutting edge are covered by a ring.

Core gap flutes are flutes , in which the blown air by a core gap is bundled said wind tunnel directed to a cutting edge, at which the air vibration is created. In the most common type, the beaked flute, the player takes a beak-shaped mouthpiece between the lips. The sound generation with these lengthways flutes is relatively easy, but they offer fewer possibilities for varying the sound than edge-blown flutes without a core gap.

Starting with the simple tin whistle, the core gap flutes form a diverse group of instruments. The beaked flutes, with the recorder as their best-known representative, are typologically internal gap flutes, in which the blowing end is closed by a block that only leaves the wind tunnel open. In the case of the outer core gap flutes (tape flutes), which only occur in Southeast Asia, the wind tunnel is formed by a cutout on the upper edge and a ring made of plant fibers over it. The southern Slavs in the Balkans use double-core split flutes like the dvojačka with two parallel playing tubes.

The labial pipes of organs , with which the portative is also equipped, generate their tone according to the same principle.

The core gap flutes also include:

  • Dolz flute, historical recorder from the 17th century
  • Csakan
  • One-handed flute
  • Flageolet , played from the Middle Ages to the 19th century
  • Gemshorn , medieval beaked flute made from an animal horn
  • Piston flute , a closed beaked flute (closed at the lower end)
  • Ocarina , a vessel flute
  • Salamuri , made of wood, the most common traditional wind instrument in Georgia
  • Saluang , a bamboo flute from the Minangkabau on Sumatra Island, Indonesia
  • Sopilka , various Ukrainian recorders with six to eight finger holes, since around 1970 also a chromatic recorder with ten finger holes
  • Suling , bamboo flutes in Indonesia, Malaysia and the south of the Philippines
  • Tin Whistle , played in British Isles folk music since the 19th century
  • Whistle
  • Tulak , a group of recorders made of wood or plant cane , mainly in Azerbaijan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan