Cinema construction

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Kinobau (coll. Also cinema building) refers to a type of building that includes structures that are designed, planned and erected for the functions of a cinema .

history

The type of construction developed at the beginning of the 20th century, borrowing from the characteristics of theaters . In the earliest time in the history of cinema since the end of the 19th century, show booths were used as cinemas, such as the Wiener Kino Klein . In order to enhance the cinema as a form of entertainment, the venues were adapted to the appearance of the theater.

The emergence of the sound film before 1930, when the Art Deco style flourished , can be cited as a trigger for the conception of independent cinema buildings . An example of one of the first cinema buildings in Germany is the Universum Kino by Erich Mendelssohn , which opened in Berlin in 1928 . Since the 1950s, with the advent of television, new cinema buildings have become rarer. Since around 1980, the concentration of several halls to form a multiplex cinema has been common.

layout

In contrast to the theater buildings, which were largely used as cinemas after 1900, such as the Wiener Lustspielkino , cinema buildings usually no longer have a larger stage with the appropriate stage technology behind the projection screen and no orchestra pit , which was still required in the era of silent films had been. The design of the auditorium and the foyer is similar to that of the theater buildings. In the early days, cinema buildings often had representative facades , such as the Teatro Éden in Lisbon.

literature

  • Ernst Seidl (ed.): Lexicon of building types. Functions and forms of architecture . Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-15-010572-6 .
  • Sylvaine Hänsel, Angelika Schmitt: Cinema architecture in Berlin 1895–1995. Reimer, Berlin 1995, ISBN 978-3496011293 .