Kirchheim (desert)

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Kirchheim (also Kirchhain ) is a deserted area in the suburbs of Markt Einersheim and the Iphöfer district of Possenheim in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen. The village was probably abandoned at the end of the 13th century. The reasons for this are unclear.

Geographical location

The localization of the settlement turns out to be difficult because only written sources describe the desert and there are no archaeological findings. Ortmann located the desert in 1967 near Nenzenheim . Since the 1970s, however, the interpretation prevailed that the village was between Possenheim and Einersheim. It was on the so-called Kirchberg. In the article by Weidemann, however, the place is assumed to be south of the two villages. At times the Eckelsheim desert was also relocated here.

history

The Kirchheim settlement was probably founded as early as the 6th century and can therefore be regarded as one of the oldest settlements in the area. The name with the ending -heim refers to this . The advancing Franks probably settled here and overran the long-established population. The prefix Kirch- , on the other hand, indicates the Christianization in the area.

Between 741 and 747 the caretaker Karlmann gave the diocese of Würzburg in "Kyrchain" a royal Franconian church, which the " Sti. Andree apostoli ”(Latin holy apostle Andrew) was consecrated. In 845 this donation was confirmed by Ludwig the German. In the year 889, Arnulf von Kärnten also confirmed the donations made by his predecessors.

The village reappeared in the springs around 1114. Walchun de “Chircheim” appeared as a witness in a certificate from the abbot of the Bamberg monastery Michelsberg . In 1225 the Nuremberg Schottenkloster St. Egidien also privileged the village "Kircheim". The place appeared for the last time as a flourishing settlement in 1231. At that time, Bishop Hermann I von Lobdeburg enfeoffed his Ministerial Cunradus de Spekevelt with Kirchheim.

Kirchheim, which can be considered one of the larger settlements in the Steigerwald , was already abandoned during the High Middle Ages. The village was mentioned as a desert as early as 1293. The Bishopric of Würzburg surrendered on December 6, 1297 some goods to Heinrich Hofmann of Hellmitzheim "in Kirchhain sita in barrochia Enricheshain" (lat. In Kirchheim, located in the parish Einersheim). The desert is classified as a ground monument by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments.

literature

  • Roderich Machann: Desolations in the Steigerwald (= Mainfränkische Studien Vol. 5). Diss . Wuerzburg 1972.
  • Wolf Dieter Ortmann: District of Scheinfeld (= historical place name book of Bavaria. Middle Franconia, vol. 3) . Munich 1967. Local name part .
  • Konrad Weidemann: Early medieval castles as centers of royal rule in the Mainland . In: Guide to Prehistoric and Protohistoric Monuments. Volume 27. Würzburg • Karlstadt • Iphofen • Schweinfurt . Mainz 1975. pp. 134-165.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ortmann, Wolf Dieter: District of Scheinfeld . P. 96.
  2. ↑ Machann, Roderich: deserted villages in the Steigerwald . P. 130 f.
  3. ^ Weidemann, Konrad: early medieval castles . P. 148.
  4. ^ Ortmann, Wolf Dieter: District of Kitzingen . P. 96.
  5. ↑ Machann, Roderich: deserted villages in the Steigerwald . P. 33.
  6. ↑ Machann, Roderich: deserted villages in the Steigerwald . P. 31.

Coordinates: 49 ° 40 ′ 51.1 ″  N , 10 ° 18 ′ 17.3 ″  E