Klammpass
| Klammpass | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Gasteiner Ache at low tide |
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| Compass direction | North | south | |
| Pass height | 834 m above sea level A. | ||
| state | Salzburg | ||
| Watershed | Gasteiner Aache | ||
| Valley locations | Lend (Salzburg) | Bad Gastein | |
| expansion | Gasteiner Straße ("old" pass road) | ||
| particularities | fake passport | ||
| profile | |||
| Ø pitch | 0.4% (? M / 11 km) | −0.1% (? M / 15 km) | |
| Max. Incline | 15% | 7% | |
| Map (Salzburg) | |||
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 17 ′ 0 ″ N , 13 ° 5 ′ 0 ″ E | ||
The Klammpass is located at the northern end of the Gastein Valley ; The Gasteiner Ache breaks here over a steep step into the significantly lower lying Salzach Valley and then flows into the Salzach at Lend . The old pass road around the gorge tunnel can still be used, but there is a risk of falling rocks due to the inadequate slope protection.
history
A trade route led through the Gastein Valley in prehistoric times. The Romans had the shortest route between Juvavum and Teurnia here . In the Middle Ages, there was a roadblock and toll system on the southern slope of the Klammpass on the orographic left bank of the Gasteiner Ache. A guard house on the Klammpass is first mentioned around 1450. The Klammstein Castle had then already lost their function as a dam. In 1525 the Gastein judicial community tried to set up a toll station to collect the high costs of maintaining the road. In 1563 the guard house was rebuilt, the costs of which were shared between the Archbishop and the trades of Weitmoser, Zott, Katzpeck and Strasser. In 1597 an own house is said to have been built here to prevent the spread of the plague . In 1693 the district judge had palisades and a bar to control the exported grain built near the Clambheisl . In 1748 the judicial community of Gastein asked for the toll station to be abandoned, but the religious commission objected to it, as otherwise crypto- Protestantism and the smuggling of Protestant writings in the country could no longer be controlled.
In 1784 the already rotten house for the soldiers was rebuilt with stones from Klammstein Castle; the watch was now taken over by the regular military. The task of the guards, who had to be “good Catholic”, was to check the trade, prevent ore smuggling (especially of glass ore), control the transport of food and only allow beggars and strangers into the country with ID cards. The gate should be locked day and night. Since the pass could easily be bypassed, the guards were required to patrol often. The passport office was important because there was no other checkpoint until Carinthia .
In 1821 a flood tore the archway away. Allegedly in 1897 the pillars of the pass were still clearly visible. However, modern rail and road construction destroyed the remains of these guard and barrier systems.
literature
- Theodor Hartwig: Handbook for travelers through southern Bavaria, Tyrol, Vorarlberg, Salzburg and the Salzkammergut. Joseph Lindauer'sche Buchhandlung, Munich: 1842.
- Friederike Zaisberger & Walter Schlegel : Castles and palaces in Salzburg. Pongau, Pinzgau, Lungau . Birch series, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-85030-037-4 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Friederike Zaisberger & Walter Schlegel, 1978, p. 14.