Klammstein Castle
| Klammstein Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
.JPG) Klammstein Castle |
||
| Creation time : | 12th Century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Dorfgastein | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 16 '31.3 " N , 13 ° 4' 34.5" E | |
|
||
The Klammstein Castle is the ruins of a hilltop castle in the town of Dorfgastein in St. Johann im Pongau District in the country Salzburg (Klammstein 26). This oldest building in Gastein rises at the entrance to the Gastein Valley about 60 meters above Gasteiner Straße on the Klammstein.
history
Since the beginning of the 11th century, the Sieghartinger counts had a closed property here, the so-called provincia Castuna , in which they also exercised high jurisdiction . They handed over the administration of the Gastein valley to one of their vassals , who called himself de Kastune . To secure their property, they built Klammstein Castle on the property of the archer Konrad (1122, Conrad der Rauhe). In the middle of the 12th century the Sieghartinger changed their title of nobility from Tengling to Peilstein . Around 1200 Siegfried von Peilstein also owned Moerle and Kleeberg. His widow Eufemia donated goods in the Gastein Valley to the St. Zeno monastery in Bad Reichenhall in 1208 . She and her daughter-in-law Adelheid von Moerle sold the Gastein Valley to Duke Ludwig of Bavaria in 1218 . He pledged the property to Archbishop Eberhard II in 1228. The Bavarian Duke had undertaken to return his enfeoffment with the County of Pinzgau to the Empire so that Archbishop Eberhard could be enfeoffed by the Emperor.
In the middle of the 13th century, Count Heinrich von Ortenburg held the bailiwick of the Gastein Valley. On April 9, 1251 he lent his rights to a Salzburg ministerial . The Salzburg elect Philipp von Spanheim replaced these rights from his ministerial on the Pfandweg. During this time, the Lords of Goldegg seized the Gastein Valley, although it is not clear whether this happened through inheritance or through purchase. In any case, the Archbishop of Salzburg , Friedrich II , had his uncles Otto and Konrad von Goldegg and his brothers Otto and Albero von Walchen put an end to the dispute over the Klammstein Castle, which the Walchers claimed, in 1272. The Goldeggers claimed the county rights for their district court, which was due to the Bavarian dukes. Therefore, there were armed conflicts, which should be ended by a treaty in 1286. The Goldeggers were supposed to raise a certain sum for the loan purchase, but were not able to do so. Therefore, in 1297 the archbishopric of Salzburg acquired the provincia Castuna with all rights, especially the regional court, from the dukes Otto and Stefan of Bavaria . The Goldeggers felt damaged because of the disregard of the right of first refusal and began a war against the archbishopric. In 1327 Friedrich von Goldegg's claim to the Gastein High Court was replaced with a large sum by the Archdiocese. The goods of Klammstein Castle were then incorporated into the archbishopric's court arbor .
In the 14th century the Gastein Valley became one of the main sources of income for the Archdiocese due to the ores found here. In 1342 the archbishop issued a mountain order for Gastein and an archbishop's caretaker was installed at the castle on Klammstein , who mostly also exercised the high jurisdiction in Gastein. The following are named as carers on Klammstein: Albrecht Paumgartner (1399), Konrad Eisenstang and Albrecht Paumgartner (1403), Albrecht Pawinger (1406), Paul Kren as tenant (1411), Heinrich Weißenbacher (1422), Oswald Keuzl (1439), Leonhard Peyswegk (1469), Konrad Strochner (1471), Hans Strochner (1490) and Georg von Haunsperg (1502). In 1513 Archbishop Leonhard von Keutschach signed the Klammstein Castle to Siegmund von Keutschach for life. Therefore, the district judge and administrator of the nursing court had to leave the castle for Hofgastein. In 1559 Archbishop Michael von Kuenburg bought the Hofmarkswaldungen back and the Hofmark was again administered by the district judge.
In 1589 the castle was already considered abandoned and derelict. The wooden superstructures were rotten and stones falling out of the walls endangered the road to Gastein Valley. Therefore, in 1589 Archbishop Wolf Dietrich allowed the removal of the outer walls. In 1608 the castle was no longer habitable.
The next news from Klammstein comes from 1760. At that time, Sebastian Rainer, the landlord at the Brandstattgut, asked for permission to burn lime. The quarry in question was nothing more than Klammstein Castle, the stones of which had been used for lime extraction for a generation. In 1778 there was only a very thick wall in the form of a square (tower) and two walls below in the "collapsed Klammstein Castle". In 1840 Thomas Lackner bought the Tafern at the Brandstatt for a lot of money, because he mistakenly believed that the house had old rights from the Gastein Nursing Court. Documents that could have proven this, but were not produced, so he only had the right to burn lime.
At the end of the 19th century, Father A. Ebner from St. Peter's Abbey made a site plan and description of the ruins. At that time the tower was 8.7 m in size on the outside and 5.2 m on the inside. It still consisted of a ground floor and an upper floor. On the south side, a slip had broken out through the 1.75 m thick masonry. Wall slots were located on the ground floor on the south side and on the upper floor on the south and north sides. A segment-shaped opening in the wall and a rectangular breakout could still be seen on the first floor. In 1904 there was an explosion during the construction of the Tauern Railway, which further damaged the castle.
Klammstein Castle today
Between 1960 and 1962, the tunnel for the Gasteiner Bundesstraße was built under the castle rock. The main tower that was exposed at the time was only a few meters high.
In 1972 Adolf Ferner acquired the castle ruins from the Austrian Federal Forests ; Furthermore, the tower was renovated and extensions were built. Today there is a museum in Klammstein Castle, in which the history of the castle as well as various objects from Ferner's extensive collecting activities are presented. The (partially) reconstructed castle is also the seat of the knight association of the "Peilsteiner Knighthood".
literature
- Friederike Zaisberger, Walter Schlegel: Castles and palaces in Salzburg. Pongau, Pinzgau, Lungau . Lower Austrian Press House, St. Pölten 1978, ISBN 3-85030-037-4 .
Web links
- Klammstein Castle on Salzburgwiki
- Insights into the oldest building in Gastein
- Homepage of Klammstein Castle
- Entry via Klammstein Castle to Burgen-Austria
Individual evidence
- ↑ The names of other owners and keepers on Klammstein can be found on the Klammstein Castle website.
- ↑ Private collection "Burg Klammstein" ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Homepage of the Peilstein knighthood
