Small summer arum

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Small summer arum
Small summer root (Orobanche minor)

Small summer root ( Orobanche minor )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Summer root family (Orobanchaceae)
Genre : Sommerwurzen ( Orobanche )
Type : Small summer arum
Scientific name
Orobanche minor
Sm.

The small summer root ( Orobanche minor ), also called clover shrike , is a plant species from the genus of summer root ( Orobanche ) in the family of summer root plants (Orobanchaceae).

description

The small summer root is a morphologically diverse, 10 to 40 cm high, parasitic plant that mostly grows on meadow clover ( Trifolium pratense ) and the middle clover Trifolium medium , more rarely on alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ), seed sasparsette ( Onobrychis viciifolia ) and Ornithophus sativus parasitized.

The crown rarely becomes longer than 12 mm, it is yellowish white in color. On the upper lip there are two lobes with lobes that have just been stretched out. The stamens are sparsely hairy at the base, the tip is hairless or covered only with isolated glandular hairs. The scar is brownish purple.

The flowering time is June.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.

Possible confusion

The small summer arum can easily be confused with specimens of Orobanche artemisiae-campestris , but Orobanche artemisiae-campestris is usually not found on clover.

Small summer root ( Orobanche minor )

Occurrence

The species is native to Europe, West Asia and North Africa and is endangered in Germany and other Central European countries. Their distribution area includes Macaronesia, North Africa, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, South, Central and Eastern Europe, Great Britain, Western Asia and the Caucasus. The species is a neophyte in the Azores, Costa Rica, Colombia and Chile. It grows on fresh meadows, on roadsides and paths, on fallow fields and in clover fields, especially in low, warm locations, but also up to 800 m altitude. The preferred soils are fresh, rich in bases and nutrients. It occurs in Central Europe in societies of the order Arrhenatheretalia.

Taxonomy

Synonyms for Orobanche minor Sm. Are u. a. Orobanche bovei Reut. , Orobanche grisebachii Reut. , Orobanche salisii Reut. , Orobanche unicolor Boreau , Orobanche minor subsp. bovei (Reut.) JA Guim. , Orobanche minor subsp. grisebachii (Reut.) Nyman , Orobanche minor subsp. salisii (Reut.) Rouy , Orobanche minor subsp. unicolor (Boreau) Rouy .

literature

  • Harald Niklfeld u. a .: Red Lists of Threatened Plants in Austria, Green Line of the Ministry for Environment, Youth and Family, Vienna 1999.
  • Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen, Siegmund Seybold: Flora of Germany and neighboring countries , 93rd edition, Quelle & Meyer Verlag GmbH & Co., Wiebelsheim 2003, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .
  • Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch and Werner Westhus (eds.): Flora of Thuringia . Weissdorn-Verlag, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 867 .
  2. ↑ a b Orobanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  3. ↑ G. Domina, E. von Raab-Straube (2010+): Orobanchaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Orobanche minor

Web links

Commons : Small summer root  - album with pictures, videos and audio files