Koenigia islandica
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| Koenigia islandica | ||||||||||||
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Koenigia islandica is a species of plant belonging to the knotweed family (Polygonaceae). The genus is named after Johann Gerhard König (1728–1785), a Baltic-German doctor, pharmacist and naturalist who lived in Denmark from 1759–67.
description
Koenigia islandica is a small annual plant. It becomes only 0.5–6– (20) centimeters high and is upright and branchy. Their leaves are alternate at the bottom and almost opposite at the top. You are bald. Your petiole is only 0.1–2–10 millimeters long or it is absent. The leaf blade is broadly elliptical, 1–6.5 millimeters long and 1–5 millimeters wide, obtuse or more rarely pointed and glabrous on both leaf sides. The leaves are entire, the stipules are membranous. The flowers are 3–10 in terminal or axillary clusters. The perianth is three-part, rarely four-part, 0.9–1.8 millimeters long, narrowly bell-shaped, glabrous or covered with individual glands, and pale green. The number of stamens is (1–) 3 (–5), the number of styles 2. The achenes are brown, 1.2–1.5 millimeters long.
The flowering period is July to August, the fruiting period August to September.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.
Occurrence
Koenigia islandica grows in the arctic tundra, in alpine, wet grasslands, often near rivers or lakes at altitudes between 0 and 4900 meters above sea level. The distribution area includes the Arctic of Eurasia, North America and Greenland, plus the mountains in Europe south to Scotland, in Asia south to Nepal, India and Pakistan and also the southernmost South America with Argentina and Chile.
In China, the species thrives at altitudes between 2000 and 4900 meters in the provinces of Gansu , Qinghai , Shanxi (Wutai Shan), Sichuan , Xinjiang , Xizang and Yunnan .
ecology
Koenigia islandica is one of the smallest flowering plants that grow in the country and one of the few annual species in the Arctic or in the Alpine zone.
Taxonomy
Linnaeus described the species in Mantissa plantarum 1, page 35, 1767. A synonym is Polygonum islandicum (Linnaeus) JD Hooker .
literature
- Li Anjen (李安仁 Li An-ren); Alisa E. Grabovskaya-Borodina: Koenigia Linnaeus. Koenigia Linnaeus. - Same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Polygonaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010. (description, occurrence)
- John G. Packer, Craig C. Freeman: Koenigia . In: Flora of North America, vol. 5. [1] . (Description, occurrence, ecology)
- Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Koenigia L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . 2nd edition, Volume 1, page 91. Cambridge University Press 1993. ISBN 0-521-41007-X (description)
- Karl Olov Hedberg: The genus Koenigia L. emend. Hedberg (Polygonaceae) . In: Bot. J. Linn. Society 124: 295-330, 1997.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-946292-10-4 , doi : 10.3372 / epolist2016 .
- ^ Koenigia islandica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis