Command of the protection forces

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The command of the protection troops (often incorrectly referred to in the literature as the high command) was the central military administrative authority of the German Imperial Protection Force and, as the fourth department (M), formed part of the Reich Colonial Office . The official name is misleading as the authority was not entitled to any actual management functions. The military command lay with the governors of the respective German colony .

In the colonies the administrative affairs of the protection force under the supervision of the governor and the overhead line were the commander of the security force by the commissariat perceived. The lower administrative authorities of the Schutztruppe such as warehouse administrations, garrison administrations, military building administrations, clothing depots, hospital administrations and the treasury administrations were subordinate to it. The administrative regulations of the protection troops were based on the regulations for the army administration.

history

The command of the protection troops since 1896
(Mauerstraße 45/46)

Little by little, armed units were created in the German colonies, which had been founded in 1884, with which the claims to rule of the colonial societies and the German Empire were enforced. In most cases, they were police units . In the colonies of German East Africa , German South West Africa and Cameroon , the resistance of the local population was so strong that it became military associations known as the "Schutztruppe". From 1891 to 1896 these were initially subordinate to the Reichsmarineamt and later to the Reichskolonialamt under the auspices of the Foreign Office . An imperial decree of May 17, 1907 stipulated “that the colonial department previously associated with the Foreign Office, along with the supreme command of the protection troops, will now have a special one, the RK. directly subordinate central authority under the designation Reichs-Kolonialamt has to form “.

In October 1919 the dissolution of the protection troops and with it that of the "command of the protection troops" was ordered.

See also

swell

  • Imperial protection troops. German ranking list according to the status of November 26, 1909, Oldenburg iO 1910, p. 365 ff.

literature

  • Heinrich Schnee (Ed.): German Colonial Lexicon. 3 volumes. Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1920, (reprint. Suppes, Wiesbaden 1996, ISBN 3-9804954-0-X ).
  • The colonial administration of the European states (= Reichstag. Printed matter. Legislature period 13, Session 1, 1912/13, No. 1356, ZDB -ID 1119141-7 ). According to official sources. Carl Heymann, Berlin 1914.
  • Joachim Zeller , Jürgen Zimmerer : The High Command of the Protection Forces - The headquarters of the German colonial military. In: Ulrich van der Heyden , Joachim Zeller (Hrsg.): Colonial metropolis Berlin. A search for clues. Berlin-Edition, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8148-0092-3 , pp. 35-42.
  • Arne Schöfert: Schutztruppe officers in the Reich Colonial Office. In: Zeitschrift für Heereskunde . Vol. 78, No. 451, 2014, pp. 37-45.

Web links

Commons : Command of the protection forces  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ cf. Art. "Schutztruppe" in: Heinrich Schnee (Hrsg.): Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon. 3 volumes. Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1920, (reprint. Suppes, Wiesbaden 1996, ISBN 3-9804954-0-X ).
  2. ↑ cf. Schutztruppe # Origin and legal relationships of the Schutztruppe
  3. ↑ cf. Uprising of the East African coastal population
  4. ↑ so-called Dahome uprising 1893 - see Golf Dornseif, years of establishment of the Cameroonian protection force and their consequences ( Memento from June 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 973 kB)
  5. ↑ Uwe Schulte-Varendorff: "Schutztruppe", in: Ulrich van der Heyden and Joachim Zeller (eds.): Colonialism in this country - A search for traces in Germany. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-86680-269-8 , pp. 386-390 (here: p. 389).