Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Ziemowit
The Ziemowit hard coal mine (Polish: Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Ziemowit; old German name Heinrichsfreude ) is a hard coal mine in Lędziny , Poland, which has been part of the Polska Grupa Górnicza Group since May 1, 2016 .
history
Coal mining in Lędzińy has a tradition that goes back to 1843 and was promoted and operated by the Princes of Pless.
Heinrichsfreude
As with numerous other mines in the Principality of Pleß , the Heinrichsfreude ( Lage ) coal mine, suspected between 1843 and 1845, was not strictly demarcated from the Emanuelssegen and Fürstengrube mines, which were also owned by Pleß .
Regular extraction was only started after 50 years, namely in 1893, in the north of Lędzińy (Lendzin in German) and initially took place from very near-surface seams with a thickness of 3 - 3.5 m. In 1912, for example, the bottom was only 23 m. The field was developed through three shafts, the “Mathilde” shaft with a depth of 28 m and two weather shafts with a depth of 15.5 m and 19.2 m. From 1923 the mine was called "Henryk", the shaft "Mathilde" was called "Piast I".
Since it was already foreseeable during the Second World War that the “Piast” mine would not be able to fully develop the very large construction site, the construction of a second mine called “Ziemowit” began in 1942. The start of devastation for the central shaft was October 2, 1942.
During the war and the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany, the mine was managed by the Fürstlich Plessische Bergwerk AG.
KWK Ziemowit
While the production on “Piast” could be maintained during the Second World War, it was not until 1952 that the “Ziemowit” ( location ) mine was put into operation.
Initially, both pits worked independently of each other, but were merged on July 1, 1972. This merger created the largest mine in Europe with a daily output of 16,000 tons and an area of 71.15 km². By 1984 production could be increased to 27,000 tons per day.
Belonging to Jaworznicko-Mikołowskie ZPW from 1947, the mine was operated from February 1, 2003 to April 30, 2016 by Kompania Węglowa SA in Katowice. Since then it has belonged to the newly founded Polska Grupa Górnicza.
present
Coal mining is currently taking place on the 500 m and 650 m levels. Seams 207, 206/1, 308 and 209 are being mined there.
Geological studies have shown that approx. 108 million tons of hard coal can be tapped down to a depth of 1000 m, thus ensuring continued operation at the current production level until 2020. At greater depths, coal reserves are still stored for another 20 years (presumably 245 million tons). Consideration is currently being given to extracting methane on an industrial scale below seam 308.
In contrast to numerous other mines of the PGG group, the mine was still operating in 2014 with a revenue of 9.62 zł per tonne of hard coal, before it went deficit in 2015 with a loss of 7.85 zł per tonne
The mine currently has shafts I, II (cable car and material transport) and III (concrete headframe with skip conveyor) as well as the weather shafts Szewczyk, WI and W II. The Holdunów shaft has since been dropped and filled. The “Piast” mine (not to be confused with the mine of the same name in Bieruń) has also been completely cleared.
Funding figures
1913: 25,482 t; 1938: 254,027 t; 1970: 1.31 million t (Piast) and 2.94 million t (Ziemowit); 1979: 6.90 million t
Remarks
- ↑ see Archived Copy ( Memento of the original from January 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Accessed January 31, 2016)
- ↑ see http://www.wnp.pl/artykuly/oddzial-kwk-ziemowit,-5025_0_0_2_0.html (accessed on January 31, 2016)
- ↑ For a comparison of the group's sales figures in 2014 see http://wysokienapiecie.pl/energetyka-konwencjonalna/473-kompania-weglowa-12-z-15-kopaln-na-minusie (accessed on September 6, 2016).
- ↑ see http://gornictwo.wnp.pl/polska-grupa-gornicza-musi-powstac-do-konca-kwietnia,266827_1_0_1.html (accessed on June 3, 2016).
Map with all coordinates: swell
- Jerzy Jaros. Słownik historyczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Katowice 1984, ISBN 83-00-00648-6 .
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw . Phoenix Publishing House. Katowice, Breslau, Berlin. 1913. Digitized version at http://www.dbc.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication?id=3349&tab=3 before (last accessed on May 5, 2015)
- Kurt Koenig. Coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955 . Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
Web links
- Many animations can be found on the website http://www.dziennikzachodni.pl/artykul/857675,kopalnia-ziemowit-w-ledzinach-jak-zywa-zobacz-prezentacje,id,t.html (accessed on January 31, 2016) to the shafts, routes, floors and to weather management and dewatering of the mine.