Pollard willows on the Almkanal
The pollarded willows on the Almkanal are a cultural relict in the municipality of the city of Salzburg . They are an ancient cultural and natural monument and have been protected as a protected part of the landscape since 1995 (later the scope of protection was extended several times) and since 2014 as a European protected area ( Natura 2000 area , FFH area ). The green strip with the trees, some of which are more than hundred years old, is located on the Almkanal and stretches from Hans-Donnenberg-Park in the north to Stephan-Ludwig-Roth-Straße and beyond to the birch settlement and the oak forest in the south. In November 2003 it was placed under protection in accordance with the Salzburg Nature Conservation Act under the name of a protected landscape area, Kopfweiden am Almkanal .
history
Probably since the early Middle Ages falter Kopfweiden to the old Werksgerinne whose pen tunnel had been completed already 1143rd The Müllner part of the canal over the Riedenburgbach to the old Müllner mills is even much older. These gnarled pollinated willows can be seen on many historical images on the Alm Canal, the oldest in a schematic way under Paris Lodron during the Thirty Years War. The pollarded willows can also be seen on the view of the city of Salzburg from 1460. In any case, polluted willows have been growing continuously along the Almkanal since Lodron's time.
Importance for species protection
The pollarded willows, also called dome elber or " stick willow" (the mallard got its name from the formerly popular breeding site on the tree), with their mildew wood, are also of outstanding importance for many rare mulm-dwelling small animals, which are still relics of the jungle in such rare locations today could get. Seven species of beetle are unique in the country in these old head trees on the Almkanal.
The largest beetle native to the country, the rare hermit beetle, which is mentioned in the fauna-flora-habitat directive of the European Union , lives here. The pollarded willow on the Almkanal as a habitat for the beetle species - but also other rare wood-dwelling insects - was an important reason for placing it under protection as a European protected area and as a protected part of the landscape.
Care of the old pollarded willows
Today there are again over 500 pollarded willows over a length of 3 km. Most of the trees were only replanted a few years ago and are therefore at a young age, but many bizarre tree veterans also adorn the ancient factory channel. These pollarded willows are the only such cultivated trees in the country with a longer tradition and the only larger population. Preserving the last old alpine pastures in the state of Salzburg is also essential for species protection. The technical supervision of the alpine pastures is taken care of by the Salzburg magistrate.
In order to be able to exclude possible hazards from the nationwide unique old pollarded willows, individual old polluted willows were recently supported and secured with a wooden frame. The pollard willows should (with very rare exceptions) be cut every 5 years, older ones every 3 years for reasons of stability. More frequent pruning of the young polluted willows reduces growth and impairs vitality.
literature
- Reinhard Medicus: The protected part of the landscape Kopfweiden on the Almkanal . In: Bastei - magazine of the Salzburg City Association for the preservation and care of buildings, culture and society. 53 Volume Salzburg 2004. 2nd episode, pp. 8–9.
Web links
proof
- ↑ a b Official Gazette of the City of Salzburg from December 2003 ( Memento from December 11, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
Coordinates: 47 ° 45 ′ 52 ″ N , 13 ° 2 ′ 21 ″ E