Cow bolete
| Cow bolete | ||||||||||||
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Cow Röhrling ( Suillus bovinus ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Suillus bovinus | ||||||||||||
| ( Pers. ) Roussel |
The cow boletus or cow mushroom ( Suillus bovinus ) is an edible mushroom from the family of the boletus relatives . It is often found under pine trees, with which it forms mycorrhiza .
features
Macroscopic features
The thin-fleshed hat of the tubular cow is about four to eight centimeters wide and is yellow or orange-brown. In young mushrooms it is arched, later flattened and often bent wavy. He is one for the Suillus typical, sticky and coated greasy skin that gets a slimy film in damp weather. The edge of the hat is initially rolled up and, with older mushrooms, is sharp.
The cow bolet has short (ten millimeters), olive-yellow-colored tubes that run down a little on the stalk with relatively large mouths in the ripe mushroom. They are difficult to detach from the hat meat and are made up of two to four shorter tubes. The pores of the fungus are initially small and then become wider and longer with age. They are irregularly angular in shape and divided in depth by partitions. Their color is that of the hat, but they are sometimes also rusty brown.
The length of the stem is three to six centimeters and its thickness 15 millimeters, whereby this is usually bent. It is tough, thin, elastic and has no ring ; its color is the yellow of the hat, it often becomes reddish towards the base. It is not infrequently fused with other fruiting bodies at the bottom.
The cow bolet has a soft, tough and elastic mushroom flesh. It is yellowish in color, in the hat and above the tubes it is slightly blue in section. It turns pink, reddish or purple when cooked. The smell is slightly reminiscent of fruit, it tastes slightly sour and mild. The spore powder print is olive brown.
Microscopic features
The spores are spindle-shaped and are 7 to 11 × 3 to 5 micrometers in size.
Species delimitation
The Erlengrübling ( Gyrodon lividus ) is similar to the cow Röhrling, but is bound to alders . There is also a risk of confusion with the sand boletus ( Suillus variegatus ), with which the cow bolete shares its habitat. The sand bolet, however, has a grainier and feltier hat skin, which only takes on a slimy consistency in damp weather.
Ecology and diffusion
The cow bolet forms mycorrhiza with pines. It is therefore often to be found from July to November in pine forests, heaths and moors all over Europe, where it finds nutrient-poor or acidic soils; however, it can also occur on calcareous soils. It is particularly widespread in the lowlands and is sociable or tufted here; it is less common in subalpine regions.
The rose-red yellow foot ( Gomphidius roseus ) often occurs together with the cow bolete , which suggests that the latter may be a parasite on the mycelium of the cow bolete.
meaning
The cow bolet is edible, but the taste is only moderate. It is suitable young as a mixed mushroom or as a mushroom seasoning , older specimens are often eaten away by pests and have soft, tough meat.
swell
literature
- Hans E. Laux: Edible mushrooms and their poisonous doppelgangers . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, W. Keller & Co., Stuttgart 1985. Page 17
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Hans E. Laux: Edible mushrooms and their poisonous doppelgangers . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, W. Keller & Co., Stuttgart 1985. Page 17
- ↑ a b c d Kuh-Röhrling in the natural dictionary www.natur-lexikon.com, accessed on August 30, 2009
- ↑ Pål Axel Olsson et al .: Molecular and anatomical evidence for a three-way association between Pinus sylvestris and the ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus bovinus and Gomphidius roseus. In: Mycological Research 104 (11/2000), pages 1372-1378 ( abstract , English)
