Kurt Baschwitz

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Kurt Baschwitz (1966)

Siegfried Kurt Baschwitz (born February 2, 1886 in Offenburg , † January 6, 1968 in Amsterdam ) was a German - Dutch journalist , social psychologist and journalist .

Life

Baschwitz, who began his journalistic activities in 1908, is best known for his books about the masses and mass madness. From 1909 to 1924 Baschwitz was an editor for the Hamburger Fremdblatt , a. a. as a correspondent in the Netherlands. He then worked for the Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (DAZ) until 1928 . From July 1929 Baschwitz officiated as editor-in-chief of the publishing organization Zeitungsverlag (ZV) in Berlin , from which he was dismissed in April 1933. As the son of Jewish parents, he then had to flee and went to the Netherlands .

After the invasion of German troops on May 14, 1940, Baschwitz was forced to go into hiding. Under the pseudonym Casimir K. Visser , he continued to work as a journalist and wrote about the work Van de heksenwaag te Oudewater en other te weinig bekende zaken (From the witch scales in Oudewater and other little known things).

Although he rarely left the house, he got caught in a street raid and was taken to the Westerbork transit camp in the Netherlands , the same camp where Anne Frank was taken. Five days later, his eldest daughter Isa managed to free him from the camp using a mixture of both real and forged papers. Then he managed, with the help of his ex-wife, to hide until the liberation of Amsterdam.

There he worked after the war at Amsterdam University as a professor of press, propaganda and public opinion. In July 1948 he was one of the founders of the Institute for Press Science at the University of Amsterdam and became its first director. There is now a Kurt Baschwitz professorship in Amsterdam .

Publications (selection)

  • The mass madness, its effect and its control , Beck, Munich 1923
  • Mass madness: the cause and cure of hatred of Germany , Beck, Munich 1932
  • De krant door alle tijden , Keesing, Amsterdam 1911
  • Van de heksenwaag te Oudewater en other te weinig bekende zaken , De Tijdstroom, Lochem 1941
  • De strijd met den duivel. De heksenprocessen in het licht der massapsychologie , Blitz, Amsterdam 1948
    • (German) Witches and witch trials: The history of a mass madness and its fight , Rütten & Loening, Munich 1963; 2nd edition Bindlach 1990.
  • You and the crowd: studies on an exact group psychology , Feikema, Caarelsen & Co., Amsterdam 1938 (2nd, completely revised edition: Brill, Leiden 1951).

literature

  • Dieter stop: pioneer in exile. Kurt Baschwitz: journalist and newspaper scientist , Münster 1990
  • Vera Ebels-Dolanova: Een aanzet tot een biography of Kurt Baschwitz. Zijn leven, werk en Think , Amsterdam 1983
  • BC van Houten: Baschwitz, Kurt. In: Wilhelm Bernsdorf / Horst Knospe (eds.): Internationales Soziologenlexikon , Vol. 1, Enke, Stuttgart ² 1980, p. 20.
  • ING - Het Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis (Institute for Dutch History) The Hague. Bronvermelding: JMHJ Hemels, Baschwitz, Siegfried Kurt (1886-1968) , in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland
  • Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 1: A-K. German business publisher, Berlin 1930, DNB 453960286 .
  • Baschwitz, Kurt. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 1: A-Benc. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-598-22681-0 , pp. 363-366.
  • Jaap van Ginneken: Kurt Baschwitz - A Pioneer of Communication Studies and Social Psychology. Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2017. (Also in Dutch).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ © ING - Het Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis (Institute for Dutch History) The Hague. Bronvermelding: JMHJ Hemels, 'Baschwitz, Siegfried Kurt (1886-1968)', in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. available online , accessed March 13, 2008.
  2. ↑ See German review by Helmut E. Lück .
personal data
SURNAME Baschwitz, Kurt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Baschwitz, Siegfried Kurt (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Dutch sociologist and journalist
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Offenburg
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1968
Place of death Amsterdam