Kushinadahime

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Kushinadahime ( Japanese ク シ ナ ダ ヒ メ ; Kojiki : 櫛 名 田 比 売 , Nihonshoki : 奇 稲 田 姫 , Kushiinadahime ) is a female Kami in the mythology of Shintō and the wife of Susanoo . The name is a play on words and can mean both princess (used as) comb (for) the head as well as marvelous Inada princess ( Inada means rice field and is a place name here that also appears again later). The main belt asteroid 10613, discovered in 1997 by Yoshisada Shimizu and Takeshi Urata in the Nachi Katsuura Observatory, was named after her.

Rescue from the eight-forked giant snake

After his banishment from the heavenly realms ( Takamanohara ), Susanoo descended to Tori-kami. There he saw chopsticks swimming down the upper reaches of the Hi River. Susanoo then went in search of those to whom they belonged. So he met an old, crying couple with a child between them. The old man introduced himself as the son of Ōyamatsumi , Ashinazuchi by name. His wife was called Tenazuchi and the child was called Kushinadahime.

When asked why she was grieving, Tenazuchi told Susanoo that he originally had eight daughters. But the eight-forked giant snake ( Yamata-no-orochi ) came every year and ate one of them. Now that the time had come for the snake to return, they would cry.

After Susanoo asked how the snake looked, he asked the old man if he would like to give him his daughter. Tenazuchi then asked his name. Susanoo introduced himself as a heavenly kami, but lied by posing as Amaterasu's older brother (in fact, he's the younger). The Susanoo couple gave their daughter over in awe.

He transformed the young Kushinadahime into a multi-toothed comb ( yutsu tsuma kushi ) and stuck it into his illustrious head of hair ( mizura ).

Then he devised a plan to get the snake drunk and let the old couple carry it out. When the snake was actually drunk and defenseless, he killed it with his sword (a tsurugi ), after which he found the grass-mowing sword ( Kusa-nagi-no-tachi , later one of the three throne insignia of Japan ) inside the body .

Palace at Suga

Then Susanoo looked for a place to build a palace ( miya , Karl Florenz translates this as “wedding hut”, but it can also mean “shrine”) and found it in Suga ( 須 賀 ), where his heart was serene ( suga sashi ). When he began to build the palace, clouds rose from the place, whereupon Susanoo made a sage ( uta ) in the form of a tanka :

Original spelling Old Japanese transcription Japanese Rōmaji Translation after Karl Florenz Translation after William George Aston
夜 久 毛 多 都
伊豆 毛 夜 幣 賀 岐
都 麻 碁 微 爾
夜 幣 賀 岐 都 久 流
曾 能 夜 幣 賀 岐 袁 		Yakumo 1 tatu
Idumo 1 yape 1 gaki 1
tumago 2 mi 2 ni
yape 1 gaki 1 tukuru
so 2 no 2 yape 1 gaki 1 wo 		八 雲 立 つ
出 雲 八 重 垣
妻 籠 み に
八 重 垣 作 作 る
そ の 八 重 垣 を 		Yakumo tatsu
Izumo yaegaki
tsuma-gomi ni
yaegaki tsukuru
sono yaegaki o 		In the heavily overcast Idzumo ,
an eight-fold fence,
That the wife can be accommodated in it, I
'll make an eight-fold fence.
Oh, over the eightfold fence! 		Many clouds arise:
The clouds which come forth (are) a manifold fence:
For the husband and wife to retire within
They have formed a manifold fence:
Oh! that manifold fence!

This poem is traditionally considered to be the first in Japan.

After he had finished building the palace, he called Ashinazuchi and made him head ( obito ) of the palace and gave him the name and title Inada no Miya-nushi Suga no Ya-tsu-mimi no Kami ("Lord of the Palace of Inada, eight-eared deity of Suga ").

The Suga Shrine in today's Unnan is said to be the first shrine in Japan ( 日本 初 宮 , Nihon hatsu no miya ).

This is followed in Kojiki by a whole chapter on gender that Susanoo and Kushinadahime founded. It begins with her son Yashimajinumi, who later marries Konohanachiruhime (a daughter of Ōyamatsumi and thus his great-aunt) and has several children with her, including Fuhanomojikunusunu, who in turn marries Hikahahime, a daughter of Kuraokami . This was followed by several generations up to the Isukeyorihime , who married Jimmu and founded the Tennō family with him .

Adoration

Kushinadahime is venerated as being associated with her husband in some shrines, such as the Yasaka Shrine in Kyoto , the Nakono Shrine in Nagoya (founded by Daigo -tennō) and the Yaegaki Shrine ( Shimane Prefecture ). Together with her descendants Ō-namuchi and Koto-shiro-nushi, she is venerated in the Imamiya shrine in Kyōto.

The main shrine for Kushinadahime and her parents is the esoteric Ōmiya Hikawa shrine in Saitama , although its main kami is Susanoo and the princess and Ōkuninushi only reside as guest kami ( aidono-no-kami ). Under the name Ō-kushi-inada-hime-no-mikoto, a Matsuri is held here on April 15th every year .

One of the biggest festivals with her participation is the Gion-Matsuri in Kyoto. In three mikoshi she, Susanoo and Yasaka-no-sume-no-kami (Gion-san) are carried through the streets during the most sacred part of the festival.

swell

  1. ↑ Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to AD 697 , translated from the original Chinese and Japanese by William George Aston . Book I, Part 1, Note 3, page 52. Tuttle Publishing. Tra Edition (July 2005). First edition published: 1972. ISBN 978-0-8048-3674-6 .
  2. ↑ http://www.ceres.dti.ne.jp/~alex-x/wakan/kojikix1.html
  3. ^ A b Marc Hideo Miyake: Old Japanese: A Phonetic Reconstruction . Routledge, London, New York 2003, ISBN 0-415-30575-6 , pp. 1 . The transcription is based on the Man'yōgana used , cf. also the phonology of these reconstructed by Miyake.
  4. ↑ Karl Florenz: The historical sources of the Shinto religion . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen and Leipzig 1919, p. 45
  5. ↑ http://www.sacred-texts.com/shi/kj/kj026.htm#fn_447

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