Lübeck-Schönböcken

The Schönböcken district is part of the St. Lorenz district of Lübeck .

history

The trigger for the establishment of villages in the vicinity of a growing city was the increasingly scarce usable space within the city walls. The first German settlers on the town hill surrounded by the Trave and Wakenitz rivers hardly had any reason to worry much about the landscape west of the harbor river, where as far as we know there were two or three Wendish villages. For the time being, the beech and oak trees on the hill Boku (old town island) were sufficient for the wood needs of the small population .

It was tighter with the usable space on the hill in the larger re-establishment in 1158 by Heinrich the Lion . The charter Barbarossa of 1159 described with the wood bat right of Lübeck to Brodten and Klutz and the grazing rights for cattle of the citizens west of the Travelodge rising commodity needs of Lübeck.

Therefore, around 1200–1250, the city seized the opportunity to acquire large stretches of land on the west corridor. Wendisch- and Deutsch- Padelügge , Wendisch- and Deutsch Krempelsdorf and Drögenvorwerk were among the Wendish villages in this area . In the area of ​​the later villages Roggenhorst and Schönböcken, there was still free heather, partly wooded primeval landscape, partly open primeval landscape. The townspeople called this open area simple "heath" or "common meadows", which were used as pasture for cattle. Inside the city there was no place to grow bread grain, brewing barley and grain of fodder and this therefore had to be obtained from the surrounding villages. Flax, wood, wool and charcoal were also obtained from outside.

Around 1300

Around 1300 Lübeck decided, after it had become the head of the Hanseatic League , to gird the whole wide area with a Landwehr . If the apron was more closely connected to the city through the defense, the development was underlined by legal measures: the right of points and land rights were extended to the apron. These reorganizations resulted in a rent waiver. Such were now strongly favored on the corner furthest from the city, where two isolated marl bridges were still old "Haineholt", in order to create a clear area. The villages Schönböcken , Roggenhorst and Haineholt, which were later named "Klein Steinrade" after a neighboring village outside, gradually emerged.

1262

In 1262 the village of Schönböcken with 2 Hufen belonged to the municipal property. 1 hooves are about 4 acres. In 1316 the property was divided into nine Hufen by eight owners and was characterized by frequent changes of ownership, such as the von Sitten, von Wickede and Kerkring families. The respective owner had to maintain and clean the flood ditch. This requirement was lifted in 1860. In the upper town book of the Hanseatic city, a sales note from 1363 states that not all of the land intended for the village had been cultivated.

The Schönböcken farm within the village had belonged to Lübeck since 1270. It consisted of 6 houses, 1 farmer, 1 Dutch tenant, 5 day laborers , 11 horses and 80 cows.

In an old school chronicle of the Schönböcken school it is mentioned that 1262 robber barons lived there in a solid nest, very securely. A deep trench surrounded the fortress, remnants of which have been preserved to this day. The gentlemen von Schönböcken and von Roggenhorst acted together, the robbery was divided and plentiful booty was brought in. The merchants were caught on Hamburger Strasse , their loads were brought to Roggenhorst and the men were taken to the tower cellar.

Since 1293

In 1293 the former forest area "Rugghedehorst", a hoof size, was transferred to Johann Voge. In 1316 the village of Roggenhorst already consisted of several hooves. The land was left to the owners "for harvesting rights". In 1338 it was measured on 9 hooves and 4 small acres of land. After various changes of ownership, the village was now part of Stockelsdorf . In 1755 Lübeck bought it back as a municipal property for 16,000 thalers and 100 ducats of key money .

A social and operational change took place in the area near the city in the 14th century after the creation of the Landwehr. The rich bourgeois families looked for a stable investment and gradually bought up Stockelsdorf, Steinrade and the village "to der Eckhorst". The outer villages often changed hands over the years, but they always remained in the possession of Lübeck merchants.

In the 15th century the image of the western foreland did not experience any major changes. It was only to be expected that the foreland would be used more intensively. In fact, Schönböcken received permission to plow a larger block of land from the common pasture (the area between the villages of Schönböcken and Padelügge) on both sides of the Trave for agricultural purposes. Other parts of this Holstenfeld were temporarily needed for target practice, for military training.

After 1900

In 1912 the town of Schönböcken consisted of the courtyard with the magnificent manor house , workers' houses, a forge, ten larger hereditary tenants and gardeners, several rental apartments on Segeberger Landstrasse (today Steinrader Damm), the so-called Neuschönböcken (construction started in 1903) and the school. Steinrader Hof and Baum, Roggenhorst, Hohenstiege and Padelugge also belonged to the village. A total of 400 residents lived in the village, mainly engaged in agriculture and vegetable growing or fruit growing (cherries).

In 1913 the construction of the Lübeck-Segeberger Railway began . At the beginning of March 1915 the substructure of the railway was completed. On March 2, 1916, the first train of the Segeberger Bahn drove to the delight of the people of Schönböcken, who thanks to the new but unlit station could now get into the city in a short time. From November 1916 on, trains ran regularly between Lübeck and Segeberg.

On October 1, 1921, Schönböcken was incorporated into Lübeck (see street and residential directory 1925); It was not until 1970 that Groß Steinrade was incorporated from Stockelsdorf to Lübeck through the regional reform of Schleswig-Holstein.

On December 24, 1920, the “new” electric lights were on in all houses. The street lighting followed in autumn 1927. In the course of 28/29 the streets and the path to Roggenhorst were expanded.

literature

• Johannes Klöcking: St. Lorenz, the Holsten suburb of Lübeck and the western Landwehr district. Lübeck, Schmidt-Römhild 1953.

Coordinates: 53 ° 51 ′ 58.1 ″  N , 10 ° 37 ′ 25.2 ″  E