Lakmaras

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Lakmaras (Lesser Sunda Islands)
Lakmaras
Lakmaras
Location in East Nusa Tenggara Province

Lakmaras is a place and Desa in the District ( Kecamatan ) of South Lamaknen ( Belu Governorate , East Nusa Tenggara Province ).

history

Lakmaras was a small traditional realm of Bunak that is part of the Alliance of Lamaknen was. The Lorohs of Lamaknen were traditionally provided by the Rajas of Kewar and Lakmaras, with Lakmaras representing the non-active ruler who symbolized unity and the actual ruler from Kewar.

In 1897 there were several battles for areas in Lamaknen between the Bunak kingdoms of Lamaquitos in the northeast and Lakmaras, which had its allies with the Bunak in the southwest. The consequence of the various territorial shifts between the local Bunak empires was that the demarcation between the two colonial powers Portugal and the Netherlands remained controversial for a long time and was the subject of lengthy negotiations. In the same year there were deaths in clashes between Dutch and Portuguese troops in Lakmaras. The claim of the Dutch to Maucatar further south was justified so far with the suzerainty over Lakmaras, which created a connection to Maucatar. In the meantime, however, Lakmaras was subject to Lamaquitos. According to the previous agreements, Maucatar would have to fall as an enclave to Portugal. A compromise was reached with the The Hague Convention of October 1, 1904. Portugal was to receive Maucatar in exchange for the Portuguese enclave of Noimuti in West Timor and some border areas. Portugal ratified the treaty until 1909, but then there was a dispute over the demarcation of the border on the eastern border of Oe-Cusse Ambeno , which is why the area was not exchanged. In 1910 the Netherlands took advantage of the confusing situation after the fall of the Portuguese monarchy to reappropriate Lakmaras with European and Javanese troops. In 1916 Maucatar was finally ceded to Portugal. Llamaknen and Lakmaras stayed with the Netherlands.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Penduduk Indonesia menurut desa 2010 ( Memento from March 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (Indonesian; PDF; 6.0 MB), accessed on January 26, 2013
  2. ^ Royal Timor: Lamaknen ( Memento from November 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ a b Antoinette Schapper: Finding Bunaq: The homeland and expansion of the Bunaq in central Timor ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / epress.anu.edu.au archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Pp. 163–186, in: Andrew McWilliam, Elizabeth G. Traube: Land and Life in Timor-Leste: Ethnographic Essays , 2011
  4. ↑ a b Antoinette Schapper: Crossing the border: Historical and linguistic divides among the Bunaq in central Timor , pp. 7-8.
  5. ↑ Hague Justice Portal: Island of Timor: Award, June 25, 1914 (English)
  6. ^ Geoffrey C. Gunn: History of Timor. ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Technical University of Lisbon (PDF file; 805 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pascal.iseg.utl.pt

Coordinates: 9 ° 8 ′  S , 125 ° 10 ′  E