State Hospital (Bratislava)

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The National Hospital in Bratislava and "Hospital Royal Hungarian land" known as, was considered the most modern hospital of the time throughout the Kingdom of Hungary .

State Hospital in Pressburg, as it was in 1899 (drawing by R. Simko)

history

As early as 1850, a national fund of the Hungarian government in the amount of 320,000 guilders (640,000 crowns ) was made available for the construction of a supraregional modern hospital in Pressburg. However, this money was not enough, so that further amounts from the profits of the state lottery flowed into the construction project. The institution consisted of a main building and numerous outbuildings. The main building was designed in a horseshoe shape by the well-known Pressburg master builder Ignaz Feigler the Elder. J. planned in the architectural style of classicism (with elements of romanticism ) and delimited by three streets of the 'Blumenthal' district. Construction work began in 1857. The three-storey building, facing south-east, was originally supposed to be inaugurated on October 14, 1864 and immediately opened to the public. The Pressburger Zeitung wrote the following about it on October 28, 1864:

In the prevention of the Landes-Protomedikus, Mr. Dr. Hollán , will Mr. Obergespan s deputy from Neßter tomorrow, Saturday 29th, 11 a.m., the State Hospital to Mr. Medicinalrath, Director Dr. Déván, officially handed over and install the doctors and officials employed at this institution. The sick are admitted the following afternoon.

State Hospital Preßburg, side front seen from Elisabethgasse (~ 1918)

Originally the hospital was able to accept 276 patients.

The hospital had the following occupancy in its early days:

  • Basement: mental hospital with 56 beds
  • Ground floor: surgery with 54 beds (18 for men and 36 for women); this was also the home of the director of the clinic
  • 1st floor: internal medicine with 84 beds
  • Second floor: Department for syphilis and skin diseases with 50 beds

In the middle building, which was connected to the side wings by a corridor on the first and second floors, were

  • 1st floor: a chapel and ophthalmology department with 20 beds
  • 2nd upper floor: maternity ward with 12 beds

The patients were looked after by six doctors: the director of the clinic, 2 senior doctors, 1 ophthalmologist and 2 "secondary doctors". A number of carers, nurses and support staff were also available.

The Blumenthal in the early days; on the left the state hospital building, on the right the Blumenthaler church

In 1867, the hospital capacity increased to 382 beds. However, because of this expansion, the hospital soon proved to be too small; so already in 1899 further extensions were made in which further departments were set up, such as B. a new mental hospital with 300 beds, a department for infectious diseases with 45 beds, etc.

The State Hospital around 1950 (main facade)

At the end of the Danube Monarchy , this hospital developed into one of the most important sanatoriums in the entire Danube Monarchy. With 800 beds, it was one of the largest and most well-known hospitals in all of old Hungary at the turn of the century. Its equipment and the medical facilities were exemplary and exemplary for the time. The hospital had baths and hot water pipes; all rooms were equipped with flushable toilets and could be heated from the outside (ie from the corridor). The hospital already had one of the first X-ray machines in what was then the Kingdom of Hungary.

After the First World War and the break-up of Austria-Hungary when Pressburg was separated from Hungary by the Trianon Peace Treaty , the hospital came under the rule of the authorities of the newly founded Czechoslovakia . It was also the largest institution in the city during the interwar period.

The State Hospital in 2008

When the University Hospital Bratislava ( Slov. Univerzitná nemocnica Bratislava ) was founded in 2010 , the old loading hospital was also included in this hospital network. The State Hospital is now called the Old Town Faculty Hospital (Slov. Nemocnica Staré mesto ). Structurally, however, the building complex is currently in a very deplorable condition.

literature

  • Carl Janka: Sketches for the medical topography of Pressburg, in Pressburg and its surroundings, Pressburg 1865
  • Anton Klipp: Pressburg. New views on an old city. Karpatendeutsches Kulturwerk, Karlsruhe 2010, ISBN 978-3-927020-15-3 .

Web links

Commons : State Hospital Bratislava  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ Elisabethgasse (from 1926 Mickiewicz gasse) - Endlicher -Gasse (from 1945 Americké nám.) - Landstrasse (from 1930 Radlinského ulica)
  2. ↑ The inauguration of the hospital continued to be delayed; The planned dates on October 27th and 28th could not be met either. The inauguration could only take place on October 29, 1864.
  3. ↑ Dr. Adolf Hollán de Kislőd (born October 10, 1810 in Zalaegerszeg , † April 6, 1893 in Preßburg) was a doctor and ministerial advisor, director of the regional hospital in Pressburg. He was the bearer of the Franz Joseph Order and died in Pressburg at the age of 82. He was brought to rest on April 8, 1893 at the Andreas cemetery .
  4. ^ Preßburger Zeitung, October 28, 1864, p. 3
  5. ↑ At that time the department was known as the “Asylum”. At the entrance there was a board with the inscription: Enter insane asylum at your own risk! Harassment must be expected!
  6. ↑ Kanka, p. 242ff (see literature)
  7. ↑ Kanka, p. 245 (see literature)
  8. ↑ The Univerzitná nemocnica Bratislava (abbreviated UNB) is an association to which five hospitals in the city belong.