Long-nose chimeras

Long-nose chimeras
	Harriotta raleighana
Systematics
Superclass :	Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata)
Class :	Cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes)
Subclass :	Holocephali
Superordinate :	Holocephalimorpha
Order :	Sea cats (Chimaeriformes)
Family :	Long-nose chimeras
Scientific name
	Rhinochimaeridae
	Garman , 1901

The long-nosed chimeras (Rhinochimaeridae) ( Gr .:, Rhinos = nose, chimaera = monster) are marine fish from the class of cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes).

features

Long-nose chimeras are 65 to 140 cm long and are usually brown in color. They are characterized by a dagger-like head extension. Their body ends in a long tail thread with hem fins at the top and bottom. Your claspers are rod-shaped.

The egg capsules of the long nose chimera are pear-shaped, typically 15 × 6 cm in size.

Long-nosed chimera in the Arabian Sea at a depth of 1,975 meters

Harriotta haeckeli

Neoharriotta carri

Rhinochimaera atlantica

distribution

Long-nosed chimeras live worldwide in the deep sea at a depth of 200 to 2600 m in temperate, subtropical and tropical seas.

Internal system

The eight species belong to three genera and two subfamilies:

Subfamily Harriottinae ; thick tooth plates
- Genus Harriotta , anal fin missing
  - Harriotta chaetirhampha (Tanaka, 1909)
  - Harriotta raleighana Goode & Bean, 1895
- Genus Neoharriotta , anal fin present
  - Neoharriotta carri Bullis & Carpenter, 1966
  - Neoharriotta pinnata (Schnakenbeck, 1931)
  - Neoharriotta pumila Didier & Stehmann, 1996
Subfamily Rhinochimaerinae ; thin, smooth tooth plates
- Genus Rhinochimaera
  - Rhinochimaera africana Compagno, Stehmann & Ebert, 1990
  - Rhinochimaera atlantica Holt & Byrne, 1909
  - Rhinochimaera pacifica (Mitsukuri, 1895)

Elasmodectes avitus

Tribal history

The family has been proven in fossil records since the Jurassic . In addition to the recent genera, three other extinct genera are included in the Rhinochimaeridae family, Amylodon , Elasmodectes and Elasmodus .

Danger

All species in this family are on the Red List of Endangered Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN), but three species are assessed as not endangered ( Least Concern ) and insufficient data are available to assess the remaining species ( Data Deficient ).

literature

Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish . Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6 .

Web links

Commons : Long Nose Chimera - collection of images, videos and audio files

Long nose chimeras on Fishbase.org (English)

Individual evidence

↑ Naohide Nakayama, Mizuki Matsunuma, Hiromitsu Endo (2019): A preliminary review and in situ observations of the spookfish genus Harriotta (Holocephali: Rhinochimaeridae). Ichthyological Research, July 2019.
↑ Harriotta raleighana , Neoharriotta carri , Neoharriotta pinnata , Neoharriotta pumila , Rhinochimaera africana , Rhinochimaera atlantica and Rhinochimaera pacifica in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN .

[Nakayama-1] Naohide Nakayama, Mizuki Matsunuma, Hiromitsu Endo (2019): A preliminary review and in situ observations of the spookfish genus Harriotta (Holocephali: Rhinochimaeridae). Ichthyological Research, July 2019.

[2] Harriotta raleighana , Neoharriotta carri , Neoharriotta pinnata , Neoharriotta pumila , Rhinochimaera africana , Rhinochimaera atlantica and Rhinochimaera pacifica in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN .