Les juifs

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Les Juifs was a place in western France where the French King Hugo Capet died on October 24, 996. The settlement, which has now disappeared, was located near Prasville between Chartres (26 km) and Orléans (53 km) and belonged to the abbey of Saint-Martin de Tours , of which Hugo Capet was the lay abbot .

Scientific controversy

The contemporary chronicler Richer von Reims († after 998) wrote on the death of Hugo Capet:

"Hugo rex papulis toto corpore confectus, in oppido Hugonis Iudeis extinctus est."

"King Hugo died, covered with pustules all over his body, in Hugos oppidum Judeis."

The term Judeis remained unclear in the note. Georg Heinrich Pertz , the first editor of the Historiae , interpreted the passage in 1839 as saying that Hugo had died after poor medical care by Jewish doctors.

This reading persisted until, in 1957 , Bernhard Blumenkranz interpreted the unclear term topographically as Les Juifs, a villa in Prasville, which was already known from a document from Charles the Fat dated October 24, 886. Gasnault showed that it belonged to the property of the Abbey of Saint-Martin, Jusselin and Bouquéry / Sassier located it more precisely based on excavations from Gallo-Roman times in the southwest of Prasville and adjacent areas of the neighboring communities Voves and Viabon . The designation as oppidum suggests that Les Juifs was fortified.

Hugo von Fleury († after 1118), on the other hand, reports that Hugo Capet died in Melun , after Kalckstein he died (against the background of Pertz's interpretation) in Paris, but Lot already pointed out that Richer used the term oppidum only for smaller places used and certainly not for the capital.

literature

  • Bernhard Blumenkranz: Où est mort Hugues Capet? In: Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes 115 (1957), pp. 168-171
  • Raymond Bouquéry, Philippe Sassier: Recherches sur le lieu où mourut Hugues Capet ; in: Bulletin de la société Dunoise 279 (1989), pp. 11-40
  • Daniel Jalmain: The site “Les Juifs” in Prasville ; in: Bulletin de la Société archéologique de l'Eure-et-Loir, No. 11 (1987) pp. 26-29.
  • Pierre Gasnault: Hugues Capet et la Villa des Juifs ; in: Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes, 118 (1960), pp. 166-167
  • Hartmut Hoffmann (Ed.): Richer von Reims, Historiae ; MGH Scriptores (in folio) 38 (2000)
  • Maurice Jusselin: Rois de France morts dans le ressort d'Eure-et-Loir ; in: Bulletin de la Société archéologique d'Eure-et-Loir 7 (1962), pp. 186-187
  • Carl von Kalckstein: History of the French royalty under the first Capetians ; 1877
  • Patrick Van Kerrebrouck: Les Capétiens 987-1328 ; 2000; P. 48 and p. 53 footnote 33
  • Ferdinand Lot : Sur le règne de Hugues Capet et la fin du Xe siècle ; 1903
  • Georg Heinrich Pertz (Ed.): Richeri Historiae libri IIII ; MGH Scriptores (in Folio) Volume 3 (1839), pp. 561-657

Remarks

  1. ↑ Hoffmann, p. 308
  2. ↑ Pertz, p. 657, footnote 92: "ie a Iudaeis medicis fortasse, ut de Karolo Calvo Hincmarus scribit" - "in other words, probably by Jewish doctors, as Hinkmar et reported about Charles the Bald".
  3. ^ MGH: Diplomata regum Germaniae ex stirpe Karolinorum , Volume 2 (1937) No. 142, pp. 227-228
  4. ^ Hoffmann endorsed these results in his new edition of the Historiae .
  5. ^ "Porro rex Francorum Hugo anno regni sui undecimo Miliduni defungitur ..." Hugues de Fleury: Modernorum regum Francorum actus , Chapter 8; MGH Scriptores (in folio) 9, p. 385
  6. ↑ Kalckstein, p. 458. So also in Brockhaus from 2001 and in Britannica from 1993.
  7. ↑ Lot, p. 184, footnote 2

Coordinates: 48 ° 16 ′ 36 "  N , 1 ° 42 ′ 42"  E