Li Shouxin

Li Shouxin (ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ Буяндэлгэр; Chinese: 李守信; July 11, 1892 - May 1970 ) was an officer in the Manchurian Army and later the Commander-in-Chief of the Inner Mongolian Army .

biography

Of ethnic Mongolian descent, Li Shouxin was born into a family of small landowners. In 1919 he joined the armed forces of the Zhili clique in Jehol Province and rose steadily until he reached the position of colonel, with the Kuomintang government granting an equivalent rank. He was Tongliao in today's Inner Mongolia assigned and helped in suppressing the revolt of Gada Meiren in 1929th

In 1933 his troops clashed with the Japanese Imperial Army on the Manchukuo border , and Li managed to shoot down a Japanese plane. This opened the door to negotiation, however, and in exchange for weapons, money and supplies, Li went to the Japanese side and was appointed commander of part of Inner Mongolia and Jehol. In 1933, Manchukuo forces commanded the defense of the fortresses around Duolun against the anti-Japanese army of the Chahar peoples. In late 1935, he commanded the Manchukuo forces who assisted Demchugdongrub in taking control of the six northern districts of Chahar. For the next two years, he headed the Manchukuo branch of the Inner Mongolian Army that tried to conquer Suiyuan Province. In February 1936, Li controlled a large area in Chahar Province and transferred his affiliation to Prince Demchugdongrub and also became Deputy Commander in Chief of the Inner Mongolian Army. Around 20 months later, in October 1937, he became Chief of Staff of the new Mengjiang National Army with the establishment of " Menjiang " . In July 1938 he was elected deputy chairman.

Li Shouxin (center), Prince Demchugdongrub (left)

In 1940, Li met with Zhou Fohai and Wang Jingwei government officials in Tsingtao to discuss the integration of Mengjiang into China. This was achieved in June 1941 when Mengjiang became the Mongolian Autonomous Federation (蒙古 自治 邦), albeit with full autonomy.

However, when the situation worsened for the Japanese Empire towards the end of World War II , Li met with Chiang Kai-shek in secret and switched to Kuomintang in exchange for his appointment as general of the Chinese 10th Army. After the victory of the Chinese Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, Li briefly fled into exile in Taiwan. However, at the urgent request of Demchugdongrub, he returned to Inner Mongolia to take on the position of Deputy Defense Director of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Government. However, the Chinese Red Army refused to recognize his position and ordered him to be arrested a few months later. Li then fled to Mongolia with Demchugdongrub . In September 1950, Mongolia agreed to Chinese demands and extradited Li to China, where he was charged and detained for anti-Chinese activities. He was pardoned in 1964 and got a job as a librarian at the Wensu Museum in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. He died in Hohhot in May 1970.

See also

• Mengjiang
• Empire of Manchu
• Japanese Empire
• Demchugdongrub

swell

• Dryburgh, Marjorie. North China and Japanese Expansion 1933-1937: Regional Power and the National Interest. Routledge Shorton (2000). ISBN 0-7007-1274-7
• Jowett, Phillip S., Rays of The Rising Sun, Armed Forces of Japan's Asian Allies 1931-45, Volume I: China & Manchuria, 2004. Helion & Co. Ltd., England.
• 中国 抗日战争 正面 战场 作战 记 (China's Anti-Japanese War Combat Operations)