List of Roman army masters

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The list of Roman military masters contains all known military masters ( magistri militum ) of late antiquity .

The office was introduced by Constantine the Great (306–337) and existed until Emperor Herakleios (610–641). It was one of the most important Roman offices, the holders of which, especially since the end of the 4th century, had an influence on imperial politics that could hardly be overestimated, as they had a powerful means of pressure in their hands with the army under their command.

No army masters are known by name from the time of Constantine the Great. The first magistri militum met under his sons Constans (337–350) and Constantius II (337–361). At first there seemed to have been only two army masters: the magister equitum , the commander of the cavalry, and the magister peditum , the army master of the infantry. Constantius II gradually expanded the college to include new magistri militum , who were assigned certain districts. The first of these "Sprengelgenerals" was probably from around 350/51 Ursicinus , who as magister equitum per Orientem commanded the associations in the east of the empire. Marcellus was then the first magister equitum per Gallias and Lucillianus seems to have been the first army master for Illyria ( magister equitum per Illyricum ). At the end of Constantius' reign there were five army master positions that could be filled at the same time.

List of Roman army masters

Army master Exact rank Term of office Remarks References
Constans (337-350)
Flavius ​​Salia magister equitum Consul 348 Peter 562
Vetranio magister peditum up to 350 Demandt 562f.
Magnentius (350–353)
Gaiso magister equitum 350-351 probably fallen at Mursa 563
Romulus magister peditum 350–353? Demandt 563f.
Constantius II (337-361)
Hermogenes magister equitum ? -342 342 killed in a riot 564
Sallustius Bonosus magister peditum, magister equitum Consul 344 Demandt 564f.
Eusebius magister equitum et peditum - before 353 Consul 347 Demandt 365; PLRE I 307f .; RE VI, 1, 1366 (Seeck)
Arbitio magister equitum 351 / 54-362 Consul 355 Demandt 567; 581f .; PLRE I 94f .; RE II, 1 412 (Seeck)
Silvanus magister peditum ? -355 killed after a usurpation in Cologne Demandt 567f .; RE III A, 1 125f. (Seeck)
Barbatio magister peditum ? -359 359 executed Demandt 568f .; PLRE I 146f .; RE III, 1 1f. (Seeck)
Agilo magister peditum 359-362 taken over by Julian Demandt 581; PLRE I 28f .; RE I, 1 809 (Seeck)
Ursicinus Magister equitum per Orientem approx. 350-360 Demandt 569ff .; RE IX A, 1 1058ff. (Lippold)
Lucillianus magister equitum per Illyricum 359-361 deposed by Julian Demandt 570f .; 575f.
Sabinianus Magister equitum per Orientem 359–? Demandt 572f.
Marcellus magister equitum per Gallias 355 – winter 356/357 Demandt 573f .; RE XIV, 2 1491 (Enßlin)
Severus magister equitum per Gallias 356/357 – after 358 Dean 574
Lupicinus magister equitum per Gallias 358 / 9-360 / 1 deposed by Julian Demandt 574f.
Gomoarius magister equitum per Gallias 360 / 1-361 deposed by Julian Dean 575
Julian (360–363)
initially took over Arbitio and Agilo
Nevitta magister equitum per Gallias (nominal) 361-363 Consul 362 Demandt 580; PLRE I 626f.
Iovinus magister equitum per Illyricum et per Gallias 361 – late 369 Consul 367 Demandt 580ff .; 588-90
Hormisdas magister equitum 362-363 Demandt 581
Victor magister peditum 362-364 Demandt 582
Arintheus magister equitum 362-364 583
Jovian (363-364)
Iovinus, Victor and Arintheus took over
Lucillianus magister equitum (?) 363 already likes. mil. under Constantius (see above), now used again 585
Lupicinus Magister equitum per Orientem 363-364 already likes. mil. under Constantius (see above), now used again Demandt 585f.
Dagalaifus magister equitum (?) 363-366 possibly Successor of Lucillianus; Consul 366 Demandt 585f .; PLRE I 239
Valentinian I (364-375)
took over Iovinus (until 369); Dagalaifus (up to 366)
Equitius magister militum per Illyricum 365– Consul 374 Demandt 588f.
Theodosius magister equitum per Gallias Late 369– Demandt 590f.
Sebastianus magister peditum -378 fallen at Adrianople
Gratian (375-383)
Build magister equitum 380 – before 388 Consul 385 Demandt 600f .; RE III, 1, 176 (Seeck); PLRE I 159f .; Enßlin 132f.
Theodosius I (379-395)
Abundantius magister utriusque militae 392-393 Consul 393 RE 1,126 (Seeck); PLRE I 4f.
Majorian (457-461)
Aegidius magister utriusque per Gallias ???
Army master Exact rank Term of office Remarks References

literature