List of historical architectural models from Palestine

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The list of historical architectural models from Palestine includes scale wooden models of holy places that were sold by the Franciscan Custody in the Holy Land in the 17th and 18th centuries as exclusive travel souvenirs to pilgrims and travelers to the Orient. They were made in Franciscan workshops in Jerusalem or Bethlehem from various woods, mother-of-pearl, ivory and other materials. The idea for these models probably came from Bernardino Amico OFM, who was Guardian of Bethlehem in 1593. Architectural drawings originate from his hand and could serve as a template for the artisans. The range included, among other things:

  1. Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem;
  2. Holy Sepulcher Aedicula with paved forecourt;
  3. Kalvarienbergkapelle, removed from the context of the Holy Sepulcher;
  4. Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem including underground chambers;
  5. Mary's house in Nazareth ( Loreto Chapel );
  6. House of Lazarus in Bethany .

In some cases, these architectural models served the architects of European Holy Sepulcher chapels of the 18th century as a model, this is most evident in Havličkův Brod (Deutsch Brod). The mother-of-pearl inlays on the facade were modeled here.

Country place Objects image
Israel / Palestine Jerusalem, Museum of the Studium Biblicum Franciscanum Holy Sepulcher
Israel / Palestine Jerusalem, Rockefeller Museum Holy Sepulcher
Israel / Palestine Jerusalem, Citadel Museum Holy Sepulcher
Belgium Bruges, Municipal Museum Arentshuis Casa dell'Aquila Holy Sepulcher Modellino del s. sepolcro, 1600-1799 approx., 02.JPG
Belgium Turnhout, Begijnhofmuseum Church of the Holy Sepulcher, a pilgrimage letter (dated 1684) is attached to the model, nativity grotto
Denmark Copenhagen, National Museum Church of the Holy Sepulcher, three copies of the Holy Sepulcher Aedicula, nativity grotto
Germany Augsburg, Maximilian Museum Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Holy Sepulcher Aedicule
Germany Bergisches Museum Schloss Burg an der Wupper Holy Sepulcher
Germany Hamburg, Museum for Arts and Crafts Holy Sepulcher
Germany Kassel, Hessian State Museum Holy Sepulcher Aedicula with tape measure
Germany Lübeck, St. Anne's Museum Holy Sepulcher Aedicule
Germany Asbach Abbey , branch museum of the Bavarian National Museum in Munich Church of the Holy Sepulcher, two copies of the Holy Sepulcher Aedicula, one of which has a leather case
Germany Regensburg, Emmeram Castle Church of the Holy Sepulcher (dated 1696), Nativity Grotto (dated 1697), Holy Sepulcher Aedicula (dated 1702), Ascension Chapel (dated 1702), Marian Tomb (dated 1703), Upper Room on the Zion (dated 1718), residential building Mary in Nazareth (dated 1718), Helena chapel with the place where the cross was found (dated 1718), Calvary Chapel (dated 1718), Annunciation grotto in Nazareth (dated 1718), Rachel's grave (dated 1718), burial chambers ("catacombs") near Nazareth (dated 1719), Arch of Pilatus on the Via Dolorosa (dated 1720), Church of the Nativity (dated 1720), house of Joachim and Anna (dated 1721), Matarieh in Egypt (dated 1721), here supposed the Holy Family stayed overnight on their flight to Egypt, Mary's grave (dated 1721), milk grotto near Bethlehem (dated 1727), Pilate's Praetorium (dated 1727), huts on Mount Tabor (dated 1727), blood field (dated 1727) . 1728), house of Zacharias (dated 1732), house of Veronica and court gate on Via Dolorosa (dated 1732), house of Zebedee (dated 1732)
France Poitiers, Musée de la Ville Holy Sepulcher
Great Britain Birmingham, Museum of the Order of the Cross Holy Sepulcher
Great Britain Lincolnshire, Burghley House Holy Sepulcher
Great Britain London, British Museum Church of the Nativity, three copies of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher Model of the Church of the Holy Sepulcre (Betlehem, probably late 1600s) - British Museum.jpg
Great Britain London, Palestine Exploration Fund Holy Sepulcher
Great Britain London, Museum of the British Order of St. John Two copies of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Holy Sepulcher Aedicule
Great Britain Northampton Museum and Art Gallery Holy Sepulcher
Great Britain Oxford, Ashmolean Museum Two copies of the Holy Sepulcher Aedicule, the Nativity Grotto, and the Calvary Chapel
Italy Brescia, Civici Musei d'arte e storia Holy Sepulcher Aedicule
Italy Casale Monferrato, Museo Civico Holy Sepulcher Aedicule, Birth Grotto
Italy Florence, Pitti Palace Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Church of the Nativity (the latter dated 1699)
Italy Genoa, Museo di Palazzo Reale Tomb of mary
Italy Turin, Museo Civico d'Arte Antica di Torino Holy Sepulcher Monaci ebanisti di gerusalemme, modello reliquiario del santo sepolcro, 1650 approx. JPG
Malta La Valletta, Suore Gerosolimitane di Sant'Ursula Holy Sepulcher
Malta La Valletta, Commissariato di Terra Santa Three copies of the Holy Sepulcher Aedicula
Netherlands Utrecht, Museum Catharijneconvent Nativity Grotto, Church of the Holy Sepulcher and Holy Sepulcher Aedicula Palestina, modello della chiesa del santo sepolcro, 1675 ca.jpg Palestina, modello del santo sepolcro, 1675 appr. Jpg
Austria Henndorf am Wallersee, chapel Holy Sepulcher Aedicule, in the chapel since 1722
Austria Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum (spiritual treasury) Holy Sepulcher; largest surviving specimen: 76 × 62 × 42 cm.
Poland Krakow, University Museum Holy Sepulcher Aedicule
Portugal Lisbon, Vila Viciosa Church of the Holy Sepulcher (dated 1661, mother-of-pearl inlay on the forecourt)
Russia Istra, New Jerusalem Museum Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Nativity Grotto
Sweden Skokloster Castle Holy Sepulcher Aedicule Model av trä med inlagd pärlemor - Skoklosters slott - 92227.tif
Spain National Archaeological Museum Holy Sepulcher
United States Boston, Museum of Fine Arts Holy Sepulcher
Brazil Rio de Janeiro, Museu Histórico Nacional Holy Sepulcher

Web links

literature

  • Michael Rüdiger: Replicas of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem during the Counter Reformation and Baroque. A contribution to the cult history of architectural devotional copies , Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2003, ISBN 3-7954-1600-0 .
  • Judith Vogt: Models of the holy places from the central archive Schloss Emmeram, Regensburg . Diploma thesis, TU Munich 2011 ( PDF )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Michael Rüdiger: Replicas . S. 50 .
  2. ↑ Michael Rüdiger: Replicas . S. 183 .
  3. ^ Scale Model of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. (PDF) p. 17 , accessed on February 27, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Judith Vogt: Models . S. 12 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e Judith Vogl: Models . S. 10 .
  6. ^ Maquette van de kerk van het Heilig Graf. Retrieved February 27, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Model of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, around 1620. (PDF) Retrieved on February 27, 2018 (No. 17).
  8. ↑ a b Judith Vogt: Models . S. 11 .
  9. ↑ Norbert Schnitzler: The Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  10. ↑ It's travel time ... Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  11. ^ Impressions of medieval art. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  12. ↑ Monuments: Travel souvenirs between art and kitsch: The wide world in the living room. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  13. ^ Judith Vogt: Models . S. 11 .
  14. ^ Judith Vogt: Models . S. 77-140 .
  15. ↑ Monuments: Travel souvenirs between art and kitsch: The wide world in the living room. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Models of the Holy Sepulcher. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  17. ^ A Damascus work model of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, late 17th / early 18th Century. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  18. ↑ Michael Rüdiger: Replicas . S. 50 .
  19. ^ British Museum: model building / structure. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  20. ^ British Museum: Sacred souvenir, a model of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  21. ↑ Miniature of Jerusalem. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
  22. ↑ Michael Rüdiger: Replicas . S. 53 .
  23. ↑ a b c d e f Judith Vogt: Models . S. 13 .
  24. ^ Judith Vogt: Models . S. 12 .