Lochheim (Biebesheim)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Coordinates: 49 ° 48 ′ 9 ″  N , 8 ° 27 ′ 5 ″  E

Map: Hessen
marker
Lochheim​
Magnify-clip.png
Hesse

Hole home is a deserted village in the district of Gross-Gerau in Region of Darmstadt in Hesse in Biebesheim am Rhein and Stockstadt am Rhein . Some authors equate the place with the place where Hagen von Tronje is said to have sunk the Nibelungenhort .

location

Lochheim is assumed to be north-west to north-north-west of the locality of Biebesheim am Rhein, in today's district "Kleines Lochheim" in the northernmost tip of the area of ​​the municipality of Biebesheim am Rhein (just under 2.8 km northwest of the Biebesheim train station).

history

The Lorsch Codex contains eight donation deeds from Lochheim, issued between October 9, 770 and June 6, 799. With CL 187, the oldest document from the third year of Charlemagne's reign (between October 9, 770 and October 8 771), a meadow was given to the monastery. In 815 another donation was made to the Hersfeld monastery .

Before 1210 the place fell into desolation; he is mentioned in a deed of sale from that year with the following comment: " locus, qui dicitur Locheim, qui totus redactus est in prarum " ( in the place called Lochheim and has completely become meadowland ). In a list of the villages in the region from 1252, Lochheim is no longer mentioned.

Fichter suspects that Lochheim arose from a Roman villa rustica ; archaeological evidence for this thesis is not yet available. This villa rustica was a Frankish royal estate in the 8th century and was donated to the Hersfeld monastery in 815 by Theodrada , a daughter of Charlemagne . The wingert in the district, mentioned in 815 in the deed of donation and registered on a map in 1738, was used continuously from late antiquity until the 18th century, and the floor plan of the villa rustica was preserved until the land consolidation in the 20th century.

The mention in superiori Locheim ( in Ober-Lochheim ) in the year 792 assumes the existence of a Nieder-Lochheim . After Fichter upper hole home corresponds to the villa rustica, while low-hole home smaller yards north of it, on the Modau estuary (in the field of community Stockstadt am Rhein have covers). Fichter also locates the town's church here.

Historical forms of names

Historical forms of name (the year of mention in brackets):

  • uilla Locheim (770–771 / 85/88/90)
  • superiori Locheim, in (792)
  • Locheim (793/99)
  • villa Lohheim (815)
  • Locheim (1209)
  • Lochheim, locus, qui dictur (1210)
  • Lochem (2nd half of the 14th century)
  • Punch, off dene (1487)
  • Flochum, uf (f) (1555)
  • Oberlochheim
  • Niederlochheim
  • Lochheim.

The name form “Flochheim” is said to have originated from the wrong separation from the place name “uff Lochheim”.

Nibelungenhort

Since the beginning of the 19th century, Lochheim has been equated with the place Lôche mentioned in the Nibelungenlied . Here Hagen von Tronje is said to have sunk the Nibelungenhort in the Rhine: " He poured da ce Lôche all into the Rin " ( he poured [him] completely into the Rhine at Lôche ). This equation was already controversial in the 19th century. Despite the lack of clarity about the actual location, various treasure hunters have tried to find the Nibelungenhort in the area of ​​the Rhine knee, especially in the Black Place , the sharpest bend in the Rhine. For example, two media-effective treasure hunters have been claiming since 2003 that they have located the exact location but have not yet been able to recover the treasure.

literature

  • Julia Fichter: A preserved Roman corridor in southwest Germany? Owned by a daughter of Charlemagne? - On the early history of Lochheim and its mention in the Nibelungenlied. In: Alemannisches Jahrbuch. 2003/04 (2006), ISSN  0516-5644 , pp. 63-106.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Lochheim, Groß-Gerau district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Lorscher Codex: Documents No. 186–193
  3. ^ Karl Josef Minst [translator]: Donation documents No. 167–818, Oberrheingau and Ladengau . In: ders. (Ed.): Lorscher Codex: German. Document book of the former prince abbey of Lorsch . tape 2 . Laurissa, Lorsch 1968, p. 21 .
  4. ↑ a b Julia Fichter: A preserved Roman corridor in southwest Germany? Owned by a daughter of Charlemagne? - On the early history of Lochheim and its mention in the Nibelungenlied. In: Alemannisches Jahrbuch. 2003/04 (2006), pp. 63-106.
  5. ↑ Lochheim. South Hessian field name book. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ↑ so for example with Ludwig Braunfels : Das Nibelungen-Lied. Literary establishment, Frankfurt am Main 1846, p. 266, verse 1174 .
  7. ↑ Nibelungenlied , Manuscript B, stanza 1134; Transcription after Hermann Reichert
  8. ↑ among others in Terra X : The Nibelungen Code. Code name Siegfried and The Nibelungen Code. Kriemhild's Death Game (2007).
  9. ↑ Johannes Dillinger : Rheingold: Treasures and treasure hunters in today's Rhineland-Palatinate from the Nibelungs to the present. In: Yearbook for West German State History. Vol. 36, 2010, ISSN  0170-2025 , pp. 53-84, here p. 79.