Lomse

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Wall fortifications and cities of Königsberg (1626)

The Lomse ( Russian Ломзе , officially: October Island or Октябрьский остров ) is the German name for an island and an eastern part of Koenigsberg (today: Kaliningrad ) between the New and Old Pregel east of Koenigsberg Cathedral. Before 1945 only the west of the island was built on, the vast majority of which consisted of wet meadows and gardens.

Surname

The name has a Prussian origin and indicates swampy terrain: "lumpe, lumpsin" (swampy quarry land, swampy place that trembles when stepped on).

history

Partial view of the “fish village” built in the historic style on the Lomse with the “Mayak” observation tower.

The Lomse was part of the old town when the city was founded, was opened up between 1404 and 1466 and was its storage district. The residents used it to build stables or to cultivate a garden. The residents of the Kneiphof envied the old towners for these privileges and reached a settlement with them in 1535, according to which the old towners had to undertake not to build any houses on the Lomse, an obligation that was gradually being forgotten. Meadows and, in some cases, extremely low-lying gardens were criss-crossed by drainage ditches. It was only towards Sackheim that the land became hilly and was used for farming.

The Lomse is connected to the old town via the wooden bridge , via the honey or cathedral bridge to the Kneiphof , via the Kaiser bridge to the suburb and via the high bridge to the southern part of Haberberg . The Lomse and its bridges are part of the Königsberg bridge problem , which Leonhard Euler solved in Riga in 1736 with an early graph theory .

In 1738 the "Anatomical Theater" was founded on the Lomse. On the orders of King Friedrich II , from 1742 mulberry plantations were established as a source of food for silkworm production . In the severe winter of 1771, all the mulberry trees froze. In 1804 the Lomse along the willow embankment was still divided into "plantation", "first or front Lomse" and "second or rear Lomse". Here there was the ox market and, in public buildings, the slaughterhouse, a guard house and the flour scale. The “Kypeksche Institut” (pen) for students on Weidendamm had a large garden and, like the surrounding private houses, an excellent view.

Today Lomse is called October Island . On the western edge of the Lomse the historicizing rows of houses of the fish village (Russian Рыбная деревня ) will be built , which will accommodate hotels, restaurants and event venues. The eclectic building project is euphemistically referred to in local terminology as an “ethnographic handicraft and trading center”. One of the project's observation towers will be named Lomse .

From September 2014 the Kaliningrad Stadium was built on the Lomse . The new football stadium with 35,000 seats was a venue for the 2018 World Cup .

Sacred buildings

The Liberal Synagogue in Königsberg on Lindenstrasse was built from 1894 to 1896 on the site of the abandoned warehouse. It was set on fire in 1938 and demolished after World War II . The Jewish orphanage was founded in 1861. The new building north of the synagogue was built in 1904/05 and is now used as an office building.

The Evangelical Kreuzkirche (Königsberg) in the plantation was built in 1930–1933 and was clad in Cadin bricks . The Kreuzkirche has been used by the Russian Orthodox Church since 1993 .

literature

  • Robert Albinus: Lexicon of the city of Königsberg Pr. And surrounding area Rautenberg, Leer 1985, ISBN 3-7921-0320-6 , p. 205 and p. 244.
  • Ludwig von Baczko : An attempt at a history and description of Königsberg. Goebbels & Unzer, Königsberg 1804, p. 166.
  • Fritz Gause : Königsberg in Prussia: the history of a European city. Rautenberg, Leer 1987, ISBN 3-7921-0345-1 .
  • Georg Gerullis : The old Prussian place names collected and linguistically treated. Association of Scientific Publishers, Berlin 1922, LCCN  33-030482

Web links

  • Website of the urban development project Fischdorf

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Urban planning: first drain, then build. koenigsberger-express.com, December 27, 2013, accessed on January 13, 2014 .
  2. ↑ Lomse location for "Arena Baltica": Königsberg is to have a large stadium in the city center for the 2018 World Cup. ostpreussen.de, December 17, 2013, accessed on January 13, 2014 .

Coordinates: 54 ° 42 '  N , 20 ° 31'  E