Los Solidarios

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Los Solidarios was one of the armed Grupos de Afinidad (reference groups) operating from the illegal underground , which emerged in Spain from 1917 onwards as part of major social unrest.

1922, who formed anarchist Buenaventura Durruti , Francisco Ascaso , Gregorio Jover and Juan Garcia Oliver in Barcelona to group "Los Justicieros" (span .: The righteous).

The members of the group had known each other from San Sebastián since 1920 , when Durutti returned to Spain from his French exile, which is why this year is sometimes seen as the group's founding date.

They saw themselves as a proletarian counter-organization to the Pistoleros , an armed, politically right-wing group of thugs, which often violently attacked striking workers in the interests of larger industrial companies and may also have been commissioned by employers to do so.

Sometime were from Los Justicieros the Los Solidarios (span .: The Solidarity '), which were organized in the form of independent cells and from 1927 as a battle group of the Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI) considered, the militant arm of the anarcho-syndicalist union Confederación Nacional del Trabajo , which was the largest union in Spain with around 2 million members until it was banned in 1939 .

Los Solidarios carried out a number of bombings and assassinations directed against the government and other representatives of the ruling class , one of the most prominent casualties of which was Cardinal Juan Soldevila y Romero , the then Archbishop of Zaragoza , who died in his car on the street on June 4, 1923 The group's assassin was shot dead.

The group was also actively involved in the fight against General Franco's troops in the Spanish civil war with its guerrilla tactics . Buenaventura Durruti, the most prominent representative of Los Solidarios , who is still considered the folk hero of the Spanish anarchists to this day , was shot under unknown circumstances during the civil war in 1936.

literature

  • Hans Magnus Enzensberger : The short summer of anarchy . Suhrkamp-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1972.
  • Abel Paz : Durruti, Life and Death of the Spanish Anarchist . Nautilus.