Male declension in Slovenian
In the case of male nouns, a distinction is made between animate and inanimate according to the accusative singular form .
- In inanimate , the accusative of noun and adjective is identical to the nominative .
- In the animate , the accusative is identical to the genitive .
In contrast to other Slavic languages, there is no palatalization in the plural formation on -i, ie the word stem remains the same.
Inanimate nouns
Example: Korak (the step)
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | korak _ | korak a | korak i |
| Genitive | korak a | korak ov | korak ov |
| dative | korak u | Korak oma | korak om |
| accusative | korak _ | korak a | korak e |
| locative | korak u | korak ih | korak ih |
| Instrumental | korak om | Korak oma | korak i |
The _ sign means that this form has no ending.
Animated nouns
Example: Prijatelj (the friend)
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | prijatelj _ | prijatelj a | prijatelj i |
| Genitive | prijatelj a | prijatelj ev | prijatelj ev |
| dative | prijatelj u | prijatelj ema | prijatelj em |
| accusative | prijatelj a | prijatelj a | prijatelj e |
| locative | prijatelj u | prijatelj ih | prijatelj ih |
| Instrumental | prijatelj em | prijatelj ema | prijatelj i |
Adjectives
Adjectives bend as follows, using the example of lep (beautiful):
Animated
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | lep _ | lep a | lep i |
| Genitive | lep ega | lep ih | lep ih |
| dative | lep emu | lep ima | lep im |
| accusative | lep ega | lep a | lep e |
| locative | lep em | lep ih | lep ih |
| Instrumental | lep im | lep ima | lep imi |
Inanimate
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | lep _ | lep a | lep i |
| Genitive | lep ega | lep ih | lep ih |
| dative | lep emu | lep ima | lep im |
| accusative | lep _ | lep a | lep e |
| locative | lep em | lep ih | lep ih |
| Instrumental | lep im | lep ima | lep imi |
Certain shape
For adjectives there is masculine singular in addition to the form shown, as well as the specific form. This only affects the nominative and, if identical (i.e. inanimate), the accusative .
The particular form is expressed by an -i:
hudi pes (the bad dog)
in contrast to
hud pes (a bad dog).
č, š, ž, c, j
For all of these declensions it should be noted that in the endings after the sounds č, š, ž, c, j an e is used instead of o .
Example: kolač (cake)
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | kolač _ | kolač a | kolač i |
| Genitive | kolač a | kolač ev | kolač ev |
| dative | kolač u | kolač ema | kolač em |
| accusative | kolač _ | kolač a | kolač e |
| locative | kolač u | kolač ih | kolač ih |
| Instrumental | kolač em | kolač ema | kolač i |
-er, -ek, -en, -ec
If a word has an extended stem ending in -er, -ek, -en or -ec, the e disappears when the stem is followed by an ending.
Example: delavec (the worker)
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | delav ec _ | delav _c a | delav _c i |
| Genitive | delav _c a | delav _c ev | delav _c ev |
| dative | delav _c u | delav _c ema | delav _c em |
| accusative | delav _c a | delav _c a | delav _c e |
| locative | delav _c u | delav _c eh | delav _c eh |
| Instrumental | delav _c em | delav _c ema | delav _c i |
human
As in all Slavic languages , human isdeclined irregularly. The word človek does not have a plural; Rather, this is expressed by a different stem, the plural tantum ljudje (related to the German word "people" ). In the two-number, it even depends on the case which word stem is used:
| singular | Two number | Plural | |
| Nominative | človek _ | človek a | ljud je |
| Genitive | človek a | ljud i | ljud i |
| dative | človek u | človek oma | ljud em |
| accusative | človek a | človek a | ljud i |
| locative | človek u | ljud eh | ljud eh |
| Instrumental | človek om | človek oma | ljud mi |
The plural (Ljudje ...) also stands for the people .