Deep sea submarine
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A deep-submergence vehicle ( Engl. Deep Submergence Vehicle , DSV) is a submarine that normally military submarines the high unlike the mass pressure of the deep sea can withstand. Deep-sea submarines are mainly used for scientific purposes, but with the Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle there are also rescue submarines that can withstand deep-sea depths of over 800 meters.
The history of deep-sea submarines begins with the bathysphere of William Beebe , who in 1934 in Bermuda nearly 1,000 meters dove deep. Since then, all other deep-sea vehicles have also been based on spherical pressure bodies , but in contrast to Beebe's pioneering work, modern submarines can move with their own propulsion.
A special form of the deep-sea submarine is the bathyscaphe , which is basically just a pressure hull with a container for ballast and buoyancy fuel and has only limited mobility. With the Bathyscaph Trieste , a record dive was made on January 23, 1960 to 10,916 meters ( Challenger Deep ).
Manned deep-sea submarines dive to depths of up to 11,000 meters. One of the best-known submarines of this type is Alvin (diving depth 4500 meters, from 2011: 6500 meters), with which the famous dive to the wreck of the Titanic was undertaken in 1986 . Also well known are the two Russian Mir submarines (diving depth 6000 meters). The French submarine Nautile (6000 meters) and the Japanese Shinkai 6500 (max. 6527 meters) are also in active service. The Chinese Jiaolong can reach diving depths of up to 7000 meters. With 7062 meters, the national 5188 meter record of July 2011 was exceeded in June 2012.
On March 26, 2012, James Cameron reached the bottom of the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench , presumably the deepest point in the world, with his boat Deepsea Challenger alone and as the third person in total at a depth of 10,898 meters .
As part of the Five Deeps Expedition , Victor Vescovo dived in several deep-sea trenches with the deep-sea submersible Limiting Factor in 2019 . B. the bottom of the Challenger Depth , the Sirena Depth and the Horizontief .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Trial dives of China's manned submersible achieves great success. Xinhua , June 30, 2012.
- ↑ James Cameron Completes Record-Breaking Mariana Trench Dive. Solo sub dive is deepest ever. National Geographic , March 25, 2012, accessed March 26, 2012 .
- ↑ James Cameron dives to the deepest point of the sea. Spiegel Online , March 26, 2012, accessed March 26, 2012 .
- ^ Pacific Ocean Expedition Blog of the Five Deeps Expedition ( Memento of May 22, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 22, 2019.
