Aspang railway station memorial

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Aspang railway station memorial

The Aspangbahnhof memorial was opened in Vienna in September 2017 - 75 years after the last deportations from this train station in the east of the city. It commemorates people who were deported from Vienna by National Socialist criminals between 1939 and 1942 . It is located on the area of ​​the former Aspang train station in Vienna- Landstrasse , the third district of Vienna. On February 1, 1941, the Viennese Gestapo boss Ebner announced the first 13 directives for the deportation of the Jewish population of Vienna to the official director of the Kultusgemeinde . From this station, 47,035 people were deported to the concentration camps and extermination camps in Eastern Europe. Only 1,073 people survived these death trains.

The majority of the total of more than 66,000 Austrian Shoah victims were ordered to four Nazi assembly camps before deportation, and from there they were sent "to the east" (mostly synonymous with death, murder). The Nazi assembly camps were located in Kleine Sperlgasse 2a, Castellezgasse 35 and two camps in Malzgasse 7 and 16 in Leopoldstadt . From there, 1,000 people were brought in trucks through the middle of the city to the Aspang train station.

From 1943 onwards, thousands of other Jewish Viennese were deported from the Nordbahnhof (Praterstern station) to the Nazi extermination camps.

Inscriptions

Inscriptions that are not contrasted in color and are therefore very inconspicuous directly in the memorial read:

  • "1073 Survivors" (At the beginning of the left track)
  • "47035 Deportees" (next to the right track)

On the concrete block at the front it says:

"Aspangbahnhof 47035 deportees, 47 transports in 1939 and 1941/42, 1073 survivors"

Additional texts can be found on boards next to the memorial. They explain the meaning of the short inscriptions on the two tracks and, in addition to the days of the deportation trains, name the number of victims and the destination of the respective deportation train.

A list of the deportation trains from Vienna to the concentration and extermination camps, then vaguely circumscribed as to the East , with information on the number of victims:

  1. Deportation train on October 20, 1939
  2. Deportation train on October 26, 1939
  3. Deportation train on February 15, 1941
  4. Deportation train on February 19, 1941
  5. Deportation train on February 26, 1941
  6. Deportation train on March 5th, 1941
  7. Deportation train on March 12, 1941
  8. Deportation train on October 15, 1941
  9. Deportation train on October 19, 1941
  10. Deportation train on October 23, 1941
  11. Deportation train on October 28, 1941
  12. Deportation train on November 2nd, 1941
  13. Deportation train on November 23, 1941
  14. Deportation train on November 28, 1941
  15. Deportation train on December 3rd, 1941
  16. Deportation train on January 11, 1942
  17. Deportation train on January 26, 1942
  18. Deportation train on February 6, 1942
  19. Deportation train on April 9, 1942
  20. Deportation train on April 27, 1942
  21. Deportation train on May 6, 1942
  22. Deportation train on May 12, 1942
  23. Deportation train on May 15, 1942
  24. Deportation train on May 20, 1942
  25. Deportation train on May 27, 1942
  26. Deportation train on June 2nd, 1942
  27. Deportation train on June 5, 1942
  28. Deportation train on June 9, 1942
  29. Deportation train on June 14, 1942
  30. Deportation train on June 20, 1942
  31. Deportation train on June 28, 1942
  32. Deportation train on July 10, 1942
  33. Deportation train on July 14, 1942
  34. Deportation train on July 17, 1942
  35. Deportation train on July 22, 1942
  36. Deportation train on July 28, 1942
  37. Deportation train on August 13, 1942
  38. Deportation train on August 17, 1942
  39. Deportation train on August 20, 1942
  40. Deportation train on August 27, 1942
  41. Deportation train on August 31, 1942
  42. Deportation train on September 10, 1942
  43. Deportation train on September 14, 1942
  44. Deportation train on September 24, 1942
  45. Deportation train on October 1st, 1942
  46. Deportation train on October 5th, 1942
  47. Deportation train on October 9, 1942

Each of these trains was "filled" with around 1,000 prisoners. The only exception was the 46th train on October 5, 1942 to the M. Trostinez extermination camp , in which, according to the perpetrators, there were 544 prisoners that day.

The information in the table follows: Jonny Moser: “Austria”, in: Wolfgang Benz (Ed.): Dimension des Genölkermord. The number of Jewish victims of National Socialism. Munich 1991, pp. 72-92.

Design, funding

The memorial was designed by the artist duo PRINZpod and financed by the City of Vienna with around 330,000 euros.

Street sign Place of Victims of Deportation in the 3rd district of Vienna

location

It is located in Leon-Zelman-Park in the street triangle from Aspangstraße (at the level of house numbers 29–33) and Adolf-Blamauer-Gasse. There are no more traces of the station itself. The expanded street area of ​​Aspangstrasse, adjacent to the north, has only been called the Place of Victims of Deportation since 1995 .

See also

literature

  • Dieter J. Hecht, Michaela Raggam-Blesch, Heidemarie Uhl (eds.): Last Places - The Vienna assembly camps and the deportations 1941/42. Mandelbaum, Vienna, 2019.   ISBN 978385476-592-9 .

Web links

Commons : Aspangbahnhof memorial  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information boards with deportation destinations (PDF format)
  2. ↑ Report in the Wiener Zeitung , accessed on September 8, 2017
  3. ^ " Aspangbahnhof" memorial in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  4. ↑ The Vienna Wiki also gives the text on the explanatory panel