Margarete Gerhardt

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Self-portrait in oil from 1901

Lina Elisabeth Margarete Gerhardt , LEM; Marg [arete] (born January 8, 1873 in Frankfurt (Oder) ; † December 12, 1955 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf ) was a German painter , graphic artist, and linoleum and wood cutter. The first name Anna, which is used variously in texts, does not exist in any personal papers. The biographical data of Margarete Gerhardt have partly been mixed up with those of the painter and wood cutter Margarethe Gerhardt-Hoffmann (1878–1956) from Berlin and Warnemünde.

Life

Childhood and youth

LE Margarete Gerhardt was the daughter of the Prussian lawyer, Frankfurt Mayor and Brandenburg State Syndic Carl August Friedrich Gerhardt (1832-1914) and his wife Rosa Dorothea, née Bach (1840-1927). Three years after Margarete's birth, the family moved to Berlin. Her brother Karl Gerhardt (1864–1939) later became, like his father, a lawyer and state syndic of the province of Brandenburg. Her sister Anna Langerhans-Gerhardt (1866–1936) married the Berlin doctor and pathologist Robert Langerhans (1859–1904). The second sister Eleonore Gerhardt (1868–1944), called Ella, was a singer (alto).

education

Quarter size copy after Estéban Murillo by LE Margarete Gerhardt

After graduating from Sophie-Charlotte-Gymnasium, Margarete Gerhardt attended the painting and drawing school of the Association of Berlin Women Artists. In 1895 she was a student of Wilhelm Müller-Schoenefeld (1867-1944) for two years, who taught her in portrait painting and figurative drawing, which she used in portraits of her family members and other people. Studies in museums also fall during this period. She made a quarter-size copy of Estéban Murillo's painting “Saint Anthony and the Christ Child”, which was lost in World War II, and, according to her own statements, made further copies by Rembrandt, Velasquez, Titian and Pesne. From 1897 to 1904 she attended Dora Hitz's (1856–1924) school of painters and learned from their impressionistic, luminous painting style. Margarete Gerhardt, inspired by an exhibition by the painter, graphic artist and artisan Emil Orlík (1870–1932) in the National Gallery, taught herself the technique of colored woodcuts and became a successful artist in it.

to travel

She went on study trips to Italy, France, London, Switzerland, Holland and North Africa; this resulted in oil paintings, glazes, watercolors, linoleum and woodcuts. In her books there is a bookplate cut in wood with the motif of the Dioskurentempel in Rome. In 1903 she made a sea voyage lasting several months on a Hamburg merchant steamer that went to North Africa and returned to Berlin via London. In 1911/12 she was traveling together with Dora Hitz in Italy.

People at the St. Mark's Column

Member of art circles / exhibitions

For 44 years (1911–1955) Margarete Gerhardt was a member of the Association of Berlin Women Artists 1867 eV (VdBK 1867) and was on the board from 1933 to 1936. She was also a member of the German Art Cooperative of Schöneberg-Friedenau. During the time of the National Socialists, in 1941, she applied to the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts for membership, which gave her access to painting utensils. Even in the war years, the VdBK endeavored to enable its members to continue to sell works in exhibitions. Margarete Gerhardt exhibited there every year until 1942. She was able to present and sell her works at numerous exhibitions that the VdBK association organized in its own premises. From 1908 to 1933 she was represented several times in the Great Berlin Art Exhibition. She also exhibited in the Free Association of Graphic Artists in Berlin, in the Lyzeum Club Berlin and in the exhibition for book trade and graphics (Bugra) in Leipzig in 1914. In 1956 a commemorative exhibition took place in the town hall of Berlin-Schöneberg.

Later years

Since 1928 she lived and worked in Berlin-Wilmersdorf at Livländische Strasse 18. She was not married. There was an association of Gerhardt families since 1920. They met three times before the Second World War. Margarete Gerhardt took over the extensive typing for the branched relatives until 1937. A copy of the portrait of the elder, Friedrich Gerhardt von Altlandsberg (1773–1857) is shown in the geological manual. The original, then in family ownership, burned in 1943. After their mother's death in 1927, the two sisters moved from their parents' house in Friedenau to Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Eleonore Gerhardt ran the household until her death in 1944. After the end of the war, her niece Gabriele Nickelmann-Langerhans (1899–1986) moved with the family to the now single woman at Livländische Straße 18 and looked after the artist until her death in 1955.

estate

Hand-printed colored woodcut

A number of works are privately owned, others are scattered unknown or lost. Usually woodcuts appear in auctions, rather rarely oil paintings. In 2013, two of her woodcuts were recognized in the Reutlingen exhibition “Paths to Gabriele Münter and Käthe Kollwitz”. They came from the "Felix Häberle Collection, Munich". The “Hidden Museum” in Berlin recently acquired the colored linocut “Ponte S. Sebastiano”.

Selection of works

  • Self-portrait in oil 1901
  • Numerous portraits of her parents and siblings
  • Portrait of the painter Carl Kayser-Eichberg,
  • Portrait of the actor Adalbert Matkowsky, (both paintings, mentioned in the will, are wanted)
  • Church concert in the old garrison church, 1995
  • Ella's Terzett, oil painting 1901
  • Copy of the painting by Estéban Murillo, "St. Anthony with the Christ child", which was lost in World War II
  • Venice, oil painting
  • View of the Wannsee, oil painting
  • several oil glazes: I Faraglioni, Vesuvius, near Capri, Bay of Palermo etc. with motifs from their travels
  • Colored woodcuts with mostly rural motifs, hand-printed
  • Watercolors with landscapes in the mountains, by the sea

literature

  • Westermann MH 134: 1923, 577-583
  • Vo2,1955. Dressler II, 1930
  • Witte II, 1991
  • Käthe, Paula and all the rest , 1992
  • 125 years of the Association of Berlin Women Artists 1992
  • D. Lorenz, Traces of Artists in Berlin from the Baroque to Today. 2002
  • ACID. General Artist Lexicon, Vol. 4. Text by JM Henneberg
  • Ways to Gabriele Münter and Käthe Kollwitz. Michael Imhof Verlag 2013
  • Gerhardt's house postil from 1920 and 1927
  • Document of the Association of Gerhardt von Altlandsberg from 1937
  • Women's art. Art by women. Galerie Joseph Fach, 2012. Catalog 102, 93-94

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families Volume 16, p. 236
  2. ^ VdBK 1867, archive of the association's history, 1926: Theater evening with artistic performances / Sign .: BG-VdBK 1254-1263.
  3. ↑ Landesarchiv Berlin Personal File LEMargarete Gerhardt, Film No. 44, A Rep. 243-04 No. 2454, application to the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts, December 8, 1941
  4. ↑ http://www.europeana.eu/portal/de/record/9200166/BibliographicResource_3000117229091.html - reference to reproduction
  5. ↑ bpk - picture agency
  6. ↑ Westermannsmonthshefte, 67th year, issue 12, August 1923, pp. 577-581.
  7. ^ SAUR, General Artist Lexicon, Vol. 52, 2006, page 118
  8. ↑ Landesarchiv Berlin, Person File LEM Gerhardt, Film No. 44, A-Rep 243-04 No. 2454
  9. ^ VdBK exhibitions 1926 / 28/29/1934/37/1940/41/42/1954/55/56
  10. ↑ https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/gbk1916,1925 , www.digishelf.de/objekt/71859374X-1908, https://archive.org/details/GrosseBerlinerKunstausstellung1933
  11. ^ Detlev Lorenz, Traces of Artists in Berlin from the Baroque to Today.
  12. ↑ Genealogical Handbook, page 227, Fig.
personal data
SURNAME Gerhardt, Margarete
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gerhardt, Lina Elisabeth Margarete (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, graphic artist and linoleum and wood cutter
DATE OF BIRTH January 8, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt (Oder)
DATE OF DEATH December 12, 1955
Place of death Berlin-Wilmersdorf