Margarete Nischwitz

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Margarete ("Grete") Nischwitz (née Stock ; born October 17, 1891 in Chemnitz ; † December 10, 1979 in Frohnau ) was a German politician ( KPD ). She was a member of the Saxon state parliament .

Life

Margarete Nischwitz was born as the daughter of an unmarried spinning mill worker. She worked as a jersey seamstress and textile worker. In 1912 she married Paul Nischwitz and joined the SPD . In 1917 she moved to the USPD and in 1918 became a member of the Spartakusbund . Margarete Nischwitz was one of the co-founders of the KPD in Chemnitz-Nord and became the female leader of the KPD in Chemnitz. From 1921 to 1933 she was a member of the Chemnitz city council. From 1929 to 1932 she headed the women's secretariat of the KPD district leadership in Saxony in Dresden . In 1925 Nischwitz was elected chairwoman of the Red Women and Girls' Union (RFMB) in Saxony. In 1928 she was a delegate of the VII World Congress of the Comintern in Moscow , where she spoke on the women's issue. In 1929 she was elected to the Saxon state parliament. She also ran for office in 1930 and was re-elected to the state parliament and remained deputy parliamentary group leader and member of the secretariat of the KPD district leadership in Saxony until 1931. Her husband, on the other hand, left the KPD and joined the SPD one day before the state elections in May 1930. When the district leadership of the KPD suggested that she divorce her husband, she refused this request. Nischwitz resigned from her Landtag mandate on February 10, 1931 and resigned from the party in 1932. For them, Richard Schubert moved up as a member of the state parliament. The breakdown of the family - her husband is said to have cheated on her several times - and political problems caused Nischwitz to suffer from nervous disorders for a long time. She was therefore temporarily treated in a mental hospital.

After the National Socialists “seized power ” in 1933, she was held in “ protective custody ” several times and was under police supervision. In 1945 she rejoined the KPD and in 1946 became a member of the SED , in which she only performed subordinate functions. Most recently she lived as a party veteran in Frohnau in the Ore Mountains .

Awards

literature

  • Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdL The end of the parliaments in 1933 and the members of the state parliaments and citizenships of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation 1933–1945 . Droste, Düsseldorf 1995, ISBN 3-7700-5189-0 , p. 112.
  • Nischwitz, Margarete . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst (ed.): German communists. Biographical Handbook 1918 to 1945 . 2nd revised and greatly expanded edition. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Workers' vote , February 11, 1931.
personal data
SURNAME Nischwitz, Margarete
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nischwitz, Grete; Stock, Margarete (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD), MdL Saxony
DATE OF BIRTH October 17, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Chemnitz
DATE OF DEATH December 10, 1979
Place of death Frohnau (Annaberg-Buchholz)