Marguerite Sechehaye

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Marguerite Sechehaye b. Burdet (born September 27, 1887 in Geneva ; died June 1, 1964 in Geneva) was a Swiss psychoanalyst , best known for her work with schizophrenic patients .

Life

Marguerite Sechehaye came from a Protestant family who immigrated to Switzerland from the French Cevennes. After graduating from a high school for girls , she studied linguistics with Ferdinand de Saussure and psychology with Édouard Claparède at the educational science institute in Geneva ( Jean-Jacques Rousseau -Institut), where she became a research assistant after completing her studies. In 1906 she married the linguist Albert Sechehaye .

She initially worked as a psychologist and later did a training analysis with Raymond de Saussure . As a psychoanalyst, she specialized in the treatment of schizophrenics. She is one of the first therapists who dealt psychoanalytically with psychoses and tried to understand the schizophrenic experience.

“The schizophrenic however, even if he is in a state of mental and physical decline that reminds one of madness, remains in possession of a soul, an intelligence and at times has very violent feelings, which he however does not like to express. Even in times of total indifference or numbness, in which he no longer feels anything, the patient still has an impersonal clairvoyance that enables him not only to perceive what is going on around him, but also to be clear about his state of mind. (...) And then we discover a whole life with him, consisting of struggles, unspeakable quarrels, poor joys, an emotional life that apparently was not to be suspected and that is extremely informative for the psychologist. "

Her method of "symbolic wish fulfillment" became known: Based on Melanie Klein , this method breaks with the general taboo on wish fulfillment in psychoanalytic treatment and includes a symbolic satisfaction of early childhood needs from the mother-child relationship in the treatment of certain disorders. The therapist gave the patient Renée apples as a presentative symbol of nourishing with good breast milk. While stressing Sechehaye always that this operation is only valid for a certain phase of therapy in which the patient is on a very early experience regresses is. The book, first published in French in 1947, describes the ten-year-old successful treatment of Renée, a young girl with a medical diagnosis of schizophrenia.

In 1950 a second book about the same patient was published under the title Diary of a Schizophrenic: Self-Observations of a Schizophrenic During Psychotherapeutic Treatment , in which the young woman herself describes her experiences during the therapy and Sechehaye comments on this in the second part of the book. Sechehaye later adopted Renée, who canceled her pseudonym and became a psychoanalyst herself under her real name Louisa Düss . From 1951 to 1952 both gave a series of lectures at the Burghölzli Psychiatric University Clinic in Zurich. They appeared in 1954 under the title Introduction à une psychothérapie des schizophrènes .

reception

Sechehaye's work was mainly taken up by the psychoanalysts and psychotherapists who tried to gain an understanding access to the schizophrenic experience, such as B. by Silvano Arieti (1915–1981), Gaetano Benedetti , Luc Ciompi and Erich Wulff . It also found its way into standard psychiatric literature and critical social psychiatry. The conception of symbolic wish fulfillment and of "nourishing", as it was later often called, was taken up by therapists who tried to expand the original level of conflict processing by a level that was more related to the damage caused by early childhood deficiencies, such as B. Sándor Ferenczi , depth psychological body therapists such. B. Tilmann Moser and artistic therapists.

Fonts in German

  • The symbolic wish fulfillment. Huber-Verlag, Bern 1955
  • Diary of a schizophrenic: self-observations of a schizophrenic during psychotherapeutic treatment . Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch, Frankfurt am Main 1973 ISBN 3-518-00613-4
  • Psychotherapy for schizophrenics. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1986 ISBN 3-608-95863-0

literature

  • Sechehaye, Marguerite , in: Élisabeth Roudinesco ; Michel Plon: Dictionary of Psychoanalysis: Names, Countries, Works, Terms . Translation from French. Vienna: Springer, 2004, ISBN 3-211-83748-5 , pp. 917f.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marguerite Sechehaye on Psychoanalysts. Biographical lexicon .
  2. ^ Diary of a schizophrenic: Self-observations of a schizophrenic during psychotherapeutic treatment . Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch, Frankfurt am Main 1973, p. 7f
  3. ↑ The symbolic wish fulfillment. Huber-Verlag, Bern 1955
  4. ↑ Silvano Arieti: Schizophrenia. Causes, course, therapy. Help for those affected . Piper Verlag, Munich 1979 ISBN 3-492-02938-8
  5. ↑ Gaetano Benedetti: Psychotherapy as an existential challenge. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2nd edition 1992 ISBN 978-3525457429 and death landscapes of the soul , 4th edition 1994 ISBN 3-525-45666-2
  6. ↑ Luc Ciompi: Affektlogik. About the structure of the psycho and its development. A contribution to schizophrenia research. Klett-Cotta, Frankfurt am Main 1994 ISBN 3-608-95037-0
  7. ↑ Erich Wulff: Wahnsinnslogik. On the intelligibility of schizophrenic experience. Edition Das Narrenschiff im Psychiatrie-Verlag, Bonn 1995 ISBN 3-88414-193-7
  8. ^ Rainer Tölle : Psychiatry. Springer-Verlag, Stuttgart 1973, 7th edition, p. 2016 ISBN 978-3-540-15853-0
  9. ↑ Thomas Bock (psychologist) : light years. Psychoses without psychiatry. Understanding of illness and life plans of people with untreated psychoses. Psychiatrie-Verlag, Bonn 1997. ISBN 3-88414-204-6
  10. ↑ Dorothee von Moreau: On the idea of ​​therapeutic dieting - what can music therapy achieve? Ludwig-Reichert-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2002 ISBN 978-3895002953
personal data
SURNAME Sechehaye, Marguerite
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Burdet, Marguerite (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss psychoanalyst
DATE OF BIRTH September 27, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Geneva
DATE OF DEATH June 1, 1964
Place of death Geneva