Maria Otto

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Maria Otto (born August 6, 1892 in Weiden in the Upper Palatinate , † December 20, 1977 in Munich ) was the first woman to be admitted to the bar in Germany . The Maria Otto Prize awarded by the German Lawyers' Association since 2010 is named after her.

Life

Born as the daughter of a factory owner in Weiden, she graduated from high school in 1912. She studied in Würzburg, Munich, Berlin and Leipzig. She finished her studies at the Law Faculty of the University of Würzburg with the academic university final examination on July 10, 1916. She received the grade “good”. However, due to the corresponding legal provisions, she was not admitted to the legal preparatory service as a woman. Since this preparatory service was a prerequisite for admission to the second state examination in law, she was initially denied access to the judicial office, but also to the legal profession. Nonetheless, Maria Otto applied to the courts and administrative authorities for “informational employment” in August 1916, which she was allowed to do. From 1916 to 1919 she performed this special type of preparatory service. In 1920 she received her doctorate from the University of Würzburg.

With the end of the First World War and in the young Weimar Republic , the legal framework changed in several German countries. Women were no longer excluded from the second state law examination. With reference to this development, Maria Otto was exceptionally admitted to the Second State Examination in Bavaria on February 6, 1922, but with the proviso that successfully passing this examination would give her neither the ability to judge nor the ability to hold a higher office in internal administration or loan from the financial service. Maria Otto passed the exam in June 1922 as the first woman with an overall grade of 69. She was 63rd out of 113 participants. With the entry into force of the law on the admission of women to the offices and professions of the administration of justice from July 11, 1922 on November 23, 1922, Maria Otto was admitted to the bar on December 7, 1922. Until her death in 1977 she worked as a lawyer in Munich.

Works

  • International legal protection against unfair competition, Würzburg 1921 (dissertation University of Würzburg)

literature

  • Sarah Jörn, Anwaltsblatt 2015, 931: Germany's first female lawyer in 1922: Maria Otto's tough struggle

credentials

  1. ↑ http://beck-aktuell.beck.de/news/dav-beschliesst-maria-otto-preis-fuer-herausragende-anwaeltinnen
  2. ^ Röwekamp, ​​p. 282
  3. ↑ Clemens, p. 21
  4. ↑ Clemens, p. 21 f.
  5. ^ Röwekamp, ​​p. 282
  6. ↑ Clemens, p. 22 f.
  7. ^ Röwekamp, ​​p. 282
personal data
SURNAME Otto, Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION first lawyer admitted in Germany
DATE OF BIRTH August 6, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Willows in the Upper Palatinate
DATE OF DEATH 20th December 1977
Place of death Munich