Marie Nielsen
Marie Nielsen (born December 23, 1875 in Nørre Herlev (North Zealand), † April 4, 1951 in Copenhagen ) was a Danish communist and women's rights activist .
Life
Her parents were the small farmer Peder Nielsen (1836–1910) and his wife Anne-Marie, b. Tygesen (1839-1921). Marie Nielsen was a teacher and since 1908 an active member of the Danish Social Democrats and their youth association. In 1912 she passed her teacher’s exam with a thesis on German social democracy. At the 1915 party congress she was elected to the party's executive committee as deputy for Herman Trier . She took part in the third session of the Zimmerwald Conference in Stockholm in 1917 and was in close contact with Swedish left socialists such as Zeth Höglund .
Inspired by the Russian Revolution , she left the Danish Social Democracy and in 1918 founded the Communist Socialistisk Arbejderparti (SAP), which became a member of the Comintern . Nielsen took over the position of editor-in-chief of the party organ. For her revolutionary articles, she was sentenced to 18 months in prison in the fall of 1918. After an appeal hearing in the Danish Supreme Court, the politically motivated sentence was reduced to 6 months in prison, which had just expired at the time of the judgment. The Socialistisk Arbejderparti was dissolved again in 1919. Marie Nielsen joined the Venstresocialistisk Parti together with Martin Andersen Nexø , which in 1920 joined the recently founded Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti (DKP) and became one of the most important representatives of the DKP in the 1920s.
As early as 1920 she was sent to the 2nd Comintern Congress in Petrograd as a representative of the Communist Teachers' Club . In the following years she belonged to the left opposition within the world communist movement.
In 1925, together with Inger Gamburg , she founded the Arbejderkvinderes Oplysningsforening , which was the first women's organization in Denmark to approve abortion .
Because she did not want to distance herself from Leon Trotsky , she was expelled from the DKP in 1928. But also in the following years she was one of the speakers at the central events for International Women's Day in Denmark.
Fonts (selection)
- 1920: The situation in Denmark ; in: Organ of the Executive Committee of the Communist International (ed.): The Communist International, No. 11–12, June – July, Petrograd.
- 1927: revolution.
- 1937: Kampen om Trotsky.
- 1975: revolution. With a selection of newspaper articles by Marie Nielsen
- 1990: friendship and revolution. The correspondence between Marie Nielsen and Martin Andersen Nexø. Edited by Børge Homann and Morten Thing.
literature
- Børge Homann, Morten Thing: Venskab og Revolution. Martin Andersen Nexøs and Marie Nielsen venskab and politiske virke 1918–24. Selskabet til forskning i arbejderbevaegelsens historie, Copenhagen 1990, ISBN 87-87739-28-3 , ( SFAH series 25).
- Morten Thing: Marie Nielsen. En politisk biografi. In: Årbog for Arbejderbevægelsens historie 5, 1975, ISSN 0106-5912 , pp. 5-58.
Web links
- Danish women's lexicon
- Morten Thing: Danmarks eneste communist ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 861 kB) p. 7 ff. On Marie Nielsen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marie Nielsen . The Danske store
- ↑ Marie Nielsen . kvinfo.dk
- ^ The story of March 8th in Denmark
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nielsen, Marie |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Nielsen, Marie Sophie |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Danish and international politician and women's rights activist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 23, 1875 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Nørre Herlev (North Zealand) |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 4, 1951 |
| Place of death | Copenhagen |